Hotspots of Antisemitism and Anti-Israel Sentiment on US Campuses | Seite 13

Hotspots of antisemitism and anti-Israel sentiment on US campuses Anti-Israel Sentiment on Campus Our examination of the campus climate for Jewish students begins by looking at the different ways anti-Israel sentiment is experienced. Our 2015 survey found that more than one quarter (27%) of Jewish undergraduates felt that hostility toward Israel was a “fairly” or “very” big problem on their campus. The overall rate, however, masks the substantial differences among campuses in perceptions of hostility toward Israel. These variations are the focus of the present study. Hostile Environment Toward Israel To understand differences in perception across campuses, Jewish students were asked to what extent they agreed that there was a hostile environment toward Israel at their school. Overall, 34% of respondents agreed at least “somewhat” that there was a hostile environment toward Israel on their campus. But the range was extremely large, with as few as 3% to over 70% of students at a given campus agreeing that there was a hostile environment toward Israel on their campus (Figure 1, page 8). At one extreme are schools including Northwestern, Texas, CUNYBrooklyn, the other UC campuses, and BU, where at least 60% of respondents agreed at least “somewhat” that there was a hostile environment toward Israel on their campus. At the other extreme, fewer than 10% of respondents at Tulane, Syracuse, or Miami expressed any agreement that there was a hostile environment toward Israel on their campus. Exposure to Hostile Remarks Toward Israel To understand the prevalence of exposure to anti-Israel sentiment on campus, students were asked whether, during their time at their school, they had ever heard hostile remarks toward Israel either from students, faculty, or their school’s administration. Most of the hostile remarks toward Israel originated with fellow students—overall, 43% reported hearing hostile remarks about Israel from fellow students and 15% reported hearing such remarks from professors or the administration at their school. As was the case with general perceptions of hostility, there are significant differences between schools in the degree to which respondents have heard hostile remarks about Israel, and these differences are especially large with respect to remarks from faculty and the administration (Figure 2, page 9). In particular, at CUNYBrooklyn, Illinois, UCSB, other UC schools, Northwestern, UMass, UCLA, and Texas more than one in five Jewish students reported having heard hostile remarks toward Israel from faculty or the administration at their school. In contrast, at UCF, Syracuse, and U of Miami, fewer than 5% of respondents reported hearing such remarks from faculty or administrators. Being Blamed for the Actions of the Israeli Government The line between anti-Israel sentiment and antisemitism can be blurred, at times, when criticism of Israel is directed at Jewish students. To understand the extent to which Jewish students are directly targeted on issues related to Israel, respondents were asked how often, if at all, they have ever been blamed for Israel’s actions because they are Jewish (Figure 3, page 10). Overall, 12% of respondents reported that they were blamed for the actions of the Israeli government at least “occasionally.” There were significant differences between schools both in terms of prevalence of ever being blamed and in the frequency of the occurrences. Many of the schools perceived as having a hostile environment towards Israel—such as Northwestern, Texas, CUNY-Brooklyn, and schools in the UC system—also had high percentages of students report being blamed for Israel’s actions because they were Jewish. 7