History | Page 80

THE OLD CHARGES OF BRITISH FREEMASONS. 64 " beginning of the seventeenth century ; the document next following in this There cannot, however, be much diflference in point of time. series, being, he considered, half a century later between them as to the dates of transcription, but it is probable that No. 12 was copied from a much MS. ascribed the present to the " older text. " " Old in the vast collection i made towards the end of the There are only two versions of the Charges seventeenth century by Mr Robert Harley (afterwards Earl of Oxford and Mortimer), viz., in vols. 1942 and 2054. 11 2 contains No. '^ The New (26 to 31), Articles" which are not in any other known MS., also the latter being entirely omitted by Mr Phillips in his Apprentice Charge," peculiar to a few versions only (the two specialities, and particiilarly the clauses 26 to 31, constitute a text of great These transcript of the MS.). " importance, and will be again referred to. Although disposed to place both of the Harleian MSS. slightly " after the Sloane " versions, or at all events about the same period, in this respect following Hughan, I shall however, run counter to the computation of Mr Bond, in which he gives priority by some years to the not, Harleian MS., 1942, No. 11 of this 12. " series. Harleian, 2054." * 17th Century. British Museum. The official catalogue Tracts and loose papers by the second Eandle and the third Randle Holme's account of the Principal Matters contained in this Published in Hughan's "Masonic Sketches" and "Masonic Magazine," 1873. describes vol. 2054 as Holme and In Book." others are it . " " . A . Book in folio consisting of many Charters of the joyners, carvers, and turners ; weavers, bakers, wrights, carpenters, slaters, and sawyers beer brewers, mercers, and ironmongers saddlers, drapers," being various guilds or companies of There is no original record of these in the British Museum, but the MSS. were transcribed by the Chester. second and third Eandle Holme, sometimes dated, and at other times not, from records, for the most part ; ; supposed, before 1600. of Chester were evidently enthusiastic students of heraldry, and three generations were " Randle " all bearing the Christian name of in the persons of the grandfather, father, and son represented at the Herald's Office, as deputy to the College of Arms for Cheshire and other counties. The first Randle Holme written, it is The Holmes — — died 1654-5, the second in 1649, and the third in 1699-1700 (born 1627). The second Holme is stated to have died A.D. 16.59, but, according to Mr W. H. Eylands,^ his death occurred in 1649 (1 Charles II., i.e., computing the reign from the death of Charles No. 12 in the handwriting of the third Randle Holme, clearly have been copied by that diligent antiquary. The original, however, from which it was taken, was evidently much older ; but having classified the MSS. according to the periods of their transcription, rather than the presaimed age of their original texts, in AD. 1650 is quite early enough strictness this I.). Now, if is for the transcription, as it is believed to document should be numbered after the "Harleian" (11 and 12) with the "Sloane" No. MSS. 13, (13 though, for the sake of convenience, and I have coupled 14). is written on four leaves of paper, containing six and a half pages of close writing in a very The "water-mark" is indistinct and undated. hand. After the recital of the "Old Charges," cramped " " Freemasons' entitled the Orders and Constitutions," is a copy of a remarkable obligation to " keep secret " words and certain signes of a free mason," etc., and likewise a register of the fees paid (varying from five " for to be a free mason," by twenty-seven persons whose names appear. "We have here the shillings to twenty) As Hughan earliest known mention of words and signes,* a circumstance to which I shall again call attention. No. 12 collection consisted of some 10,000 vols, of MSS., and more than 16,000 original rolls, charters, etc. " In the Catalogue " Bibliothecse Harleianae of A.D. 1808, the number 1942 is thus described " A very thin book in 1, The harangue to be made at the admittance of a new member into the Society or Fellowship of 4to, wherein I find 3. The new articles and form the Freemasons 2. The articles to be observed by the several members of that Society ' The " : — ; of the oath to he taken at admission. ; Whether this he a copie of that old book mentioned by Dr Plot in his ' Stafford- cannot say." ' Masonic Magazine, Jannary 1882. * Masonic Sketches, part 2, p. 46; Freemasonry in the Seventeenth Century, Chester, 1650-1700 (W. H. Rylands); Masonic Magazine, January and February 1882. shire' I