guide, rather than judges and executioners. He then raised the status of the sixth form, increased their powers of discipline, and in return required them to be positive role models and his‘ police force’ around the school. The sixth formers became the link between masters and boys.
Roles of team games in preparing public schoolboys for leadership � Teamwork / loyalty to a team � Captains in sport then captain in industry � Making decisions � Organisational experience through committees � Testing / developing courage / bravery
His Idea of Muscular Christianity
� The combination of godliness and manliness: The belief in having a strong and fit body to match a robust and healthy soul.
The‘ Cult’ of Athleticism
� Symbols of athleticism in the the late 19th century English public schools included: – mellowed buildings that were more aesthetically welcoming than previous harsh
school buildings, – Magnificent fields to play games on, – The wearing of caps,
– The awarding of colours to worthy recipients,
� Rules were readily adhered to, with fair play and sportsmanship of key importance in developing ' rounded ' gentlemen.
� Links to Muscular Christianity were developed- Win gracefully or lose with honour and bravery
� Athleticism combined physical endeavour with moral integrity
HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF SPORTS 24