CONTENTS
Preface vi Acknowledgments vii
1 Methods 1
OVERVIEW OF METHODS USED IN HISTOLOGY / 1 TISSUE PREPARATION / 2 HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY / 3
MICROSCOPY / 13 Folder 1.1 Clinical Correlation: Frozen Sections / 4 Folder 1.2 Functional Considerations: Feulgen
Microspectrophotometry / 7 Folder 1.3 Clinical Correlation: Monoclonal Antibodies in
Medicine / 8 Folder 1.4 Functional Considerations: Proper Use of the
Light Microscope / 15 HISTOLOGY 101 / 26
2 Cell Cytoplasm 28
OVERVIEW OFTHE CELL AND CYTOPLASM / 28
MEMBRANOUS ORGANELLES / 31 NONMEMBRANOUS ORGANELLES / 65 INCLUSIONS / 81 CYTOPLASMIC MATRIX / 83 Folder 2.1 Clinical Correlation: Lysosomal Storage
Diseases / 50 Folder 2.2 Clinical Correlation: Abnormalities in
Microtubules and Filaments / 80
Folder 2.3 Clinical Correlation: Abnormal Duplication of Centrioles and Cancer / 83
HISTOLOGY 101 / 84
3 The Cell Nucleus 87
OVERVIEW OFTHE NUCLEUS / 87 NUCLEAR COMPONENTS / 87 CELL RENEWAL / 96 CELL CYCLE / 97 CELL DEATH / 103 Folder 3.1 Clinical Correlation: Cytogenetic Testing / 92 Folder 3.2 Clinical Correlation: Regulation of Cell Cycle and Cancer Treatment / 94 HISTOLOGY 101 / 110
4 Tissues: Concept and Classification 112
OVERVIEW OFTISSUES / 112 EPITHELIUM / 113 CONNECTIVETISSUE / 114
MUSCLETISSUE / 114 NERVETISSUE / 115 HISTOGENESIS OFTISSUES / 116 IDENTIFYINGTISSUES / 119 Folder 4.1 Clinical Correlation: Ovarian Teratomas / 118 HISTOLOGY 101 / 120
5 Epithelial Tissue 122
OVERVIEW OF EPITHELIAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION / 122 CLASSIFICATION OF EPITHELIUM / 123 CELL POLARITY / 124 THE APICAL DOMAINAND ITS MODIFICATIONS / 126 THE LATERAL DOMAIN AND ITS SPECIALIZATIONS IN CELL-
TO-CELL ADHESION / 139 THE BASAL DOMAIN AND ITS SPECIALIZATIONS
IN CELL-TO-EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX ADHESION / 153 GLANDS / 163 EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMALTRANSITION / 164 EPITHELIAL CELL RENEWAL / 166
Folder 5.1 Clinical Correlation: Epithelial Metaplasia / 126
Folder 5.2 Clinical Correlation: Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia( Immotile Cilia Syndrome) / 139
Folder 5.3 Clinical Correlation: Junctional Complexes as a Target of Pathogenic Agents / 148
Folder 5.4 Functional Considerations: Basement Membrane and Basal Lamina Terminology / 156
Folder 5.5 Functional Considerations: Mucous and Serous Membranes / 167 HISTOLOGY 101 / 168
Atlas Plates PLATE 5.1 Simple Squamous and Simple Cuboidal Epithelia
/ 170 PLATE 5.2 Simple and Stratified Epithelia / 172 PLATE 5.3 Stratified Epithelia and Epithelioid Tissues / 174
6 Connective Tissue 176
OVERVIEW OF CONNECTIVETISSUE / 176 EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVETISSUE / 176 CONNECTIVETISSUE PROPER / 178 CONNECTIVETISSUE FIBERS / 180 EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX / 192 CONNECTIVETISSUE CELLS / 196 Folder 6.1 Clinical Correlation: Collagenopathies / 187 Folder 6.2 Clinical Correlation: Sun Exposure and Molecular Changes in Photoaged Skin / 192
Folder 6.3 Clinical Correlation: Role of Myofibroblasts in Wound Repair / 202 xii