Heat Exchanger World Magazine September 2024 | Page 27

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Microchannel Heat Exchangers

HEAVY METAL & TUBES

Carbon Steel ▪ Alloy Steel ▪ Stainless Steel
Force-contained FluidForming FormBalancer metal forming machine . Image courtesy of FluidForming Americas , LLC .
associated with conventional metal forming methods previously rendered prototyping the microchannel heat exchanger with that technology impossible . In this instance , Evicient needed a functional prototype of a microchannel heat exchanger to ascertain the feasibility of a product the company was developing . Other processes — such as bladder-based hydroforming or stamping — were unable to achieve the level of detail required for our functional analysis . The FluidForming process was not only able to achieve the challenging targeted geometry , but the tooling and low-volume costs were significantly lower than the investments required for other stamping processes ”. FluidForming is a sheet metal hydroforming process that achieves a 99.996 % first-pass yield rate , providing the accuracy and repeatability that highly complex parts require . As a reinvention of conventional hydroforming , it uses extremely high forming pressures — up to 60,000 psi — to form geometrically complex parts , like microchannel heat exchangers . The smaller the radii or details in the part that need to be formed , the higher the pressure has to be . To form a feature with half the radius — a more detailed part , in other words — the forming pressure must increase significantly . The forming process ’ s ability to triple or quadruple the pressures compared to conventional , bladder-based hydroforming technology enabled the forming of these small details required for the prototypes .
Solution : higher forming pressures With FluidForming , the part repeatability is much better , and the spring-back and warping are minimized because parts are formed more evenly as the forming force — applied by water — acts directly on the material and stretches it more evenly . The process only uses one surface onto which the material is pressed , which allows the contour to be repeated every time . Its bladder-free design and high forming pressures contribute greatly to part accuracy and repeatability . Because the completed microchannel heat exchangers experienced virtually no warping or springback , expensive and time-consuming post-forming fixturing and clamping is minimized or eliminated . The process enabled the creation of microchannel geometry in a flatplate heat exchanger design with hydraulic diameters of 600 microns . The geometric repeatability was excellent . No other vendor was able to commit to such aggressive profiles .
About the author
Jesse Killion is a co-founder of Evicient and has expertise in microchannels and two phase flow . He has over a decade of experience designing , developing and testing liquid cooling solutions for a variety of electronics applications including consumer electronics , industrial test equipment and various energy systems .

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