»
Petrochemical
Steel welding fittings
product mix , pressure drops across the exchanger , fluid flow capacity , cleanability , repair and maintenance . Seamless or welded tubes of suitable materials are used without compromising quality during manufacture .
Fouling problems – cause & remedy Fouling is a membrane separation phenomenon resulting from several mechanisms : precipitation of sparingly soluble salts , adsorption , cake or gel formation , and pore blockage because of the composition of the water in the system , causing a decrease in the heat transfer coefficient with time . Klarex ’ s ( Netherlands ) self-cleaning heat exchanger consists of a design that reduces the surface area by approximately 20 %. Scaling occurs because the water flowing through the heat exchanger contains impurities such as calcium carbonate , magnesium , chloride or iron . Fouling represents the theoretical resistance to heat flow due to a build-up of
a layer of dirt or other fouling substance on the tube surfaces of the heat exchanger . A method for reducing the formation of deposits on the inner walls of a tubular heat exchanger through which a petroleum-based liquid is flowing comprises applying fluid pressure pulsations to the liquid flowing through the tubes of the exchanger and vibration to the heat exchanger to effect a reduction of the viscous boundary layer adjacent to the inner walls of the tubular heat exchange surfaces . Reduction of the viscous boundary layer at the tube walls not only reduces the incidence of fouling with a resulting beneficial effect on equipment life , but it also has the desirable effect of promoting heat transfer from the tube wall to the liquid in the tubes . Using a coating on the inner wall surfaces of the exchanger tubes may further reduce fouling and corrosion .
Conclusion The high nickel content of austenite 310 grade is superior to grades 304 , 316 , 321 and 309 . It combines high corrosion resistance and high-temperature properties with good ductility and fabrication characteristics . Due to the chemical composition of this grade , with chromium up to 25 % and nickel up to 20 %, products manufactured in grade 310 provide solid corrosion resistance , excellent resistance to oxidation , and superior strength at high temperatures up to 1150 ° C . High nickel ( 25 +%) alloys are most commonly used to construct process equipment , including heat exchangers , when superior corrosion resistance and high-temperature mechanical properties are required .
HEAT EXCHANGERS DRY COOLERS
CUSTOM DESIGN TO FIT YOUR NEEDS
www . linkedin . com / company / faco-s . p . a ./ posts www . faco . it www . heat-exchanger-world . com Heat Exchanger World February 2024
31