In very severe types the patient may not be able to lay down comfortably
(Orthopnea). He may also experience sudden bouts of severe breathlessness in the
night which forces him to wake up with extreme difficulty in breathing associated
with cough (Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea or PND). These extreme forms are
most commonly seen in Mitral valve disease.
Palpitation
Awareness of one’s own heartbeats is known as Palpitation.
Valve disorders can present with various types of rhythm disturbances. Extra beats
(Premature atrial / Ventricular Contractions) are quite common. Atrial Fibrillation
is common in Mitral Stenosis and Mitral Regurgitation.
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