Health&Wellness Magazine September 2015 | Page 10

10 & September 2015 | Read this issue and more at www.healthandwellnessmagazine.net | Like us @healthykentucky The Master Gland Learn about the small but mighty PITUITARY GLAND By Jean Jeffers, Staff Writer The pituitary gland, considered the “master gland,” is an endocrine (hormone-producing gland) that sits just beneath the base of the skull. It is about the size of a pea, but it is very important. It interprets messages from the brain via the hypothalamus to produce hormones that affect many parts of the body. It also stimulates all the other hormone-producing glands to produce their own hormones. According to “You and Your Hormones,” available from the Society of Endocrinology, the pituitary gland secretes hormones that act on the adrenal glands, the thyroid gland, the ovaries and the testes. It controls many aspects of metabolism, sexual maturation, reproduction, blood pressure and other vital functions. With the hormones it secretes and those it stimulates, it is able to maintain an appropriate environment in the body. According to Medline Plus (www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus), which is maintained by the National Institutes of Health, the pituitary gland releases the following hormones: • GH (growth hormone), which increases the size of muscles and bones; • TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), which stimulates the thyroid gland to release triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) to stimulate metabolism in other cells; • FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), which stimulates ovarian follicle production in women and sperm production in men;