Health&Wellness Magazine May 2015 | страница 36

36 & May 2015 | Read this issue and more at www.healthandwellnessmagazine.net | Hearing Loss Affects Many Numerous causes responsible for this major health issue By Jean Jeffers, Staff Writer Sound is important in communication. It allows us to understand our world and relate to one another. “Sound represents vibrational energy,” said audiologist Dr. Shawna Lee. “Sound is represented in waves with high tones and low tones.” The ear, Lee explained, is composed of the outer ear, which is made of skin and cartilage, and the ear canal, which leads to the tympanic membrane (eardrum). On the other side of the tympanic membrane is the middle ear, which is composed of three very small bones: the malleus, the incus and the stapes. When sound enters the ear as vibration, it goes through the outer ear to the ear drum, which vibrates and transfers these vibrations to the three small bones. They magnify sound before it enters the inner ear. In the inner ear is the vestibular system, which is responsible for helping maintain balance, and the cochlea, which is the hearing portion of the inner ear. Also in the inner ear is a highly sensitive hearing organ called the organ of Corti. Hair cells here translate mechanical vibrations in the outer, middle and inner ear into nerve impulses that reach the brain and allow for hearing. The hair cells also contact nerve fibers that send return messages from the brain to the inner ear and back. For a more complete explanation of the anatomy of the ear, consult your audiologist. Hearing loss may be caused by having something mechanical in the way, such as ear wax. When it is removed, the patient may hear once again. Or, as usually is the case, the hearing loss could be due to the degeneration of the hair cells in the organ of Corti, resulting in damage that prevents a reasonable degree of hearing ability. It could also be caused by infection, excessive noise pollution, certain drugs, accidents or disease. About 20 percent of adults in the United States (48 million people) report some degree of hearing loss. It is a major public health issue. Advanced age is the most common cause of hearing loss. After age 75, hearing loss occurs in one out of every two individuals. Hearing loss cannot be reversed, but hearing and one’s quality of life can be greatly improved by wearing a hearing aid. According to the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (www. nidcd.nih.gov), hearing loss should be suspected if: • you have a problem hearing over the telephone; • you have to strain to understand conversations; • you have to ask others to repeat themselves; • others complain about the loudness of the TV or radio; or • you have difficulty following the conversation when two or more people are talking. You should call your doctor if: • hearing loss occurs with an injury to the head or ear or if it occurs Like us @healthykentucky suddenly with other symptoms, such as eye problems, slurred speech or difficulty standing; • you think ear wax or medications may be affecting hearing; • there is hearing loss after you have had a cold or traveled in a plane; or • your hearing is getting worse or if you wonder if you need hearing aids. About the Author Jean Jeffers is an RN and freelance writer. She is a staff writer for Living Well 50Plus and its sister publication, Health & Wellness Magazine, writes for Today’s Christian in the Mature Years and has been published in Diabetes Health. About 20 percent of adults in the United States (48 million people) report some degree of hearing loss. Are You Injured? Are You Disabled? WE