Health&Wellness Magazine March 2016 | Page 16

16 & March 2016 | Read this issue and more at www.healthandwellnessmagazine.net | Like us MAKERS Flu Vaccines for 2016 Both trivalent (three component) and quadrivalent (four component) vaccines will be available this year. These can be administered intramuscularly (tri- or quadrivalent); intradermally (quadrivalent); by nasal spray (quadrivalent); and via jet injector (for just one trivalent vaccine, AFLURIA). The most common flu viruses are influenza A (H1N1) and H3N2 viruses and influenza B viruses. This season, the vaccines protect against the following viruses: A/California/7/2009 (H1Ni)pmd09-like virus, A/ Switzerland/9715293/2013 (H3N2)like virus and B/Phuket/3073/2013like virus (this is a B/Yamagata lineage virus). The quadrivalent vaccines additionally protect against another B virus, B/Brisbane/60/2008-like virus, a B/Victoria lineage virus. Vaccines for the Southern Hemisphere are slightly different with the addition of an A/ Hong Kong/4801/2014 (H3N2-like virus). Keep this in mind if you travel to the region. Zika Virus Spreading Through Sexual Contact The Zika virus from mosquitos has been strongly suspected of causing a surge in microcephaly (infants born with abnormally small heads) cases in Brazil since last year. Researchers believe pregnant women bitten by an infected mosquito, especially in the first trimester, face a higher risk of having children with birth defects. In children and adults, the Zika virus merely presents flu-like symptoms. Now, scientists have discovered that those infected with Zika can transmit the virus during sex. At the end of January, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was aware of one reported case of sexual transmission of Zika and another case of the virus being present in a man’s semen two weeks after it had disappeared from his blood. Another person in Dallas County, Texas, was infected with Zika through sexual contact with a person who had traveled to Venezuela in the beginning of February. The World Health Organization has declared Zika to be an international health emergency and warns the virus may cause up to 4 million cases in the Americas. @healthykentucky