Health&Wellness Magazine April 2016 | Page 21

FAMILY DOC For advertising information call 859.368.0778 or email [email protected] | April 2016 –COLUMN PROVIDED BY– & 21 859.278.5007 | fpalex.com 1175 Alysheba Way, Lexington KY Diabetes Can Cause Kidney Damage Be diligent about managing your diabetes By Sue Jones-Larson, APRN People who have diabetes need to be extra vigilant about taking care of their kidneys. According to the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) (www.kidney.org), about 30 percent of patients with Type 1 (juvenile onset) diabetes and 10 percent to 40 percent of those with Type 2 (adult onset) diabetes will eventually suffer from kidney failure. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) (www.diabetes. org) says diabetes can damage the kidneys and cause them to fail. There are millions of tiny blood vessels or capillaries in the kidneys. Their job is to remove waste products from the blood. The NKF says diabetes injures these small blood vessels so they cannot clean the blood properly. The body will retain more water and salt than it should and waste materials will build up in the blood. High levels of blood sugar make the kidneys filter too much blood. In time, the stress of overwork makes the kidneys lose their filtering ability. Kidney damage from diabetes is called diabetic nephropathy. Kidney disease produces no symptoms until almost all function is gone. In addition, diabetes can also cause damage to the nerves in your body. If the nerves in the kidneys are damaged, you may have difficulty emptying your bladder. If urine remains in your bladder for too long, you are at risk for developing an infection. Diabetic kidney disease takes many years to develop. Usually 15 to 25 years will pass before kidney failure occurs, according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases. Here are some warning signs to watch out for: • weight gain; • ankle swelling; • more frequent urination at night; • high blood pressure; • nausea; • increasing fatigue; • anemia; and • muscle cramps, especially in the legs. As the kidneys fail, your blood urea nitrogen levels will rise and so will the level of creatinine in your blood. If your kidneys are no longer able to support you – displaying only 10 percent to 15 percent of function – dialysis or transplantation may be needed. Not everyone with diabetes develops kidney disease, says the ADA. Your best defense against kidney disease is to take care of yourself and manage your diabetes. Be sure to monitor your blood glucose carefully and keep your blood sugar levels within your target range. Have your blood, urine and blood pressure checked at least once a year. Work to lower your blood pressure and improve your health by losing weight, eating less salt, avoiding alcohol and tobacco and exercising regularly. Your doctor or dietitian may put you on a reducedprotein diet to help ease the strain on the kidneys. Be aware that some blood pressure drugs raise blood sugar levels or mask symptoms of low blood sugar. The ADA says recent studies suggest angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors slow kidney disease in addition to lowering blood pressure. If any of the warning signs of kidney disease present themselves, be sure to let your physician know at once. He or she will refer you to a nephrologist who will design a plan of treatment for you. About the Author Sue Jones-Larson, APRN, joined Family Practice Associates in March 2016. After working for nearly 20 years as an RN in various hospital departments, Sue decided to further her education and graduated as a Board Certified Family Nurse Practitioner from Eastern Kentucky University in 2012. She has over three years of experience as a nurse practitioner in hospital and urgent care settings. Sue enjoys women’s health and diabetes management but can see any patient from a child to an adult. She is available for new patient, well child and preventive adult visits, as well as routine office visits. Your best defense against kidney disease is to take care of yourself and manage your diabetes.