|
impact of reflux on occlusion , and the prevention of reflux-related occlusion .
Nancy Moureau , RN , PhD , CRNI , CPUI , VA-BC , is the owner and chief executive officer at PICC Excellence , Inc ., an active clinician with Infinity Infusion Nursing , a research member of the Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research ( AVATAR ) Group , and an adjunct associate professor at Griffith University in Brisbane , Australia .
Bibliography :
Barreras F , Cabeza M , de Terán LC . Clinical efficacy and safety of Securflux ®, an anti-reflux device for intravenous infusion . J Vasc Access . 2013 ; 14 ( 1 ): 77-82 .
Btaiche I , Kovacevich D , Khalidi N , Papke L . The Effects of Needleless Connectors on Catheterrelated Bloodstream Infections . Am J Infect Control . 2011 ; 39 ( 4 ): 277-283 . doi : 10.1016 / j . ajic . 2010.07.011 .
Buehrle DC . A prospective , randomized comparison of three needleless IV systems used in conjunction with peripherally inserted central catheters . JAVA . 2004 ; 9 ( 1 ): 35-38 .
Cabrero J , Orts MI , López-Coig ML , Velasco ML , Richart M . Variability in the clinical practice of maintaining the patency of peripheral intravenous catheters . Gac Sanit . 2005 ; 19:287-293 .
Casey AL , Karpanen TJ , Nightingale P , Elliott TS . ( 2018 ). The risk of microbial contamination associated with six different needle-free connectors . Br J Nurs . 2018 ; 27 ( 2 ): S18-S26 .
Chernecky C , Casella L , Jarvis E , Macklin D , Rosenkoetter M . Nurses ’ Knowledge of Intravenous Connectors . J Res Nurs . 2010 ; 15 ( 5 ): 405-415 .
Dillon MF , Curran J , Martos R , et al . Factors that affect longevity of intravenous cannulas : a prospective study . QJM . 2008 ; 101 ( 9 ): 731-735 .
Elli S , Abbruzzese C , Cannizzo L , Lucchini A . In vitro evaluation of fluid reflux after flushing different types of needleless connectors . J Vasc Access . 2016 ; 17 ( 5 ): 429- 434 . doi : 10.5301 / jva . 5000583 .
|
Ernst FR , Chen E , Lipkin C , Tayama D , Amin AN . Comparison of hospital length of stay , costs , and readmissions of alteplase versus catheter replacement among patients with occluded central venous catheters . J Hosp Med . 2014 ; 9 ( 8 ): 490-6 .
Hadaway L . Needleless Connectors : Improving Practice , Reducing Risks . JAVA . 2011 ; 16 ( 1 ): 20-33 .
Hawthorn A , Bulmer AC , Mosawy S , Keogh S . Implications for maintaining vascular access device patency and performance : Application of science to practice . J Vasc Access . 2019 ; 20 ( 5 ): 461- 470 .
Helm RE , Klausner JD , Klemperer JD , Flint LM , Huang E . Accepted but unacceptable : peripheral IV catheter failure . J Infus Nursing . 2015 ; 38 ( 3 ): 189- 203 .
Helm RE . Accepted but Unacceptable : Peripheral IV Catheter Failure : 2019 Follow-up . J Infus Nursing . 2019 ; 42 ( 3 ): 149-50 .
Hitchcock J . Preventing intraluminal occlusion in peripherally inserted central catheters . Br J Nursing . 2016 ; 25 ( 19 ): S12-S18 .
Hull GJ , Moureau NL , Sengupta S . Quantitative assessment of reflux in commercially available needlefree IV connectors . J Vasc Access . 2018 ; 19 ( 1 ); 12-22 . doi : 10.5301 / jva . 5000781
Jasinsky L , Wurster J . Occlusion reduction and heparin elimination trial using an antireflux device on peripheral and central venous catheters . J Infus Nurs . 2009 ; 32 ( 1 ): 33-39 . doi : 10.1097 / NAN . 0b013e3181921c56
Johnston AJ , Streater CT , Noorani R , Crofts JL , Del Mundo AB , Parker RA . The
|
effect of peripherally inserted central catheter ( PICC ) valve technology on catheter occlusion rates--the ‘ ELeCTRiC ’ study . J Vasc Access , 2012 ; 13 ( 4 ): 421- 425 . doi : 10.5301 / jva . 5000071
Macklin , D . ( 2014 ). The Impact of IV Connectors on Clinical Practice and Patient Outcomes . JAVA . 2014 ; 15 ( 3 ): 139 . doi : 10.2309 / java . 15-3-4
Rosenthal VD . Clinical impact of needle-free connector design : A systematic review of literature . J Vasc Access . 2020 ; 0 ( 0 ): 1129729820904904 .
Schilling S , Doellman D , Hutchinson N , Jacobs BR . The impact of needleless connector device design on central venous catheter occlusion in children : a prospective , controlled trial . JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr . 2006 ; 30 ( 2 ): 85-90 .
Schults JA , Kleidon T , Petsky HL , Stone R , Schoutrop J , Ullman AJ . Peripherally inserted central catheter design and material for reducing catheter failure and complications . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews . 2019 ( 7 ). DOI : 10.1002 / 14651858 . CD013366 .
Steere L , Rousseau M , Durland L . Lean Six Sigma for Intravenous Therapy Optimization : A Hospital Use of Lean Thinking to Improve Occlusion Management . JAVA . 2018 ; 23 ( 1 ): 42-50 .
Steere L . Reduction in Central Venous Catheter Occlusions : Impact of a Pressure Activated Anti-reflux Connector With a Vascular Access Nurse Algorithm in Assessing Occluded Catheters . JAVA . 2016 ; 21 ( 4 ): 256-257 .
Williams A . Catheter occlusion in home infusion : the influence of needleless connector design on central catheter occlusion . J Infus Nursing . 2018 ; 41 ( 1 ): 52-57 .
|
•
Preventing occlusions , then , becomes a chain of events that presents an opportunity for improving both patient outcomes and catheter function that impacts healthcare facilities ’ bottom line .
|
• Reflux of blood into the catheter , especially small diameter catheters , contributes to partial and complete occlusions , has a relationship to catheter associated infection , and may be a contributing factor in venous thrombosis development . |