Healthcare Hygiene magazine August 2020 | Page 20

cover story Surfaces & Equipment: Chemical Compatibility Issues Driving New Inquiries, Scientific Inroads By Kelly M. Pyrek Editor’s note This article originally appeared in a special edition on surface compatibility published in February 2021. Surfaces and medical equipment found in the healthcare environment are made up of many different types of metals, plastics and polymers. The compatibility of surface materials with chemical cleaning agents and disinfectants in the healthcare environment is a growing area of research and requires education of healthcare professionals and key stakeholders around the associated challenges and opportunities. In the last two decades, emphasis has been placed on evidence-based design to improve clinical outcomes and boost the satisfaction of patients and healthcare personnel, yet it is debatable if the process of basing decisions about the built environment on credible research to achieve the best possible outcomes has encompassed the compatibility challenge. While evidence-based healthcare architecture is expected to create safe and therapeutic environments while promoting efficient staff performance and to improve the organization’s clinical, economic, productivity, satisfaction, and cultural measures – everything is for naught if surfaces and chemical cleaners and disinfectants don’t play nicely together. Surface materials in the built environment, as well as equipment and medical device housings are subject to cracking, crazing and discoloration from some disinfectants that are used to reduce rates of healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs), and this can lead to equipment and device failure, thus threatening patient and healthcare personnel safety. Higher-performing materials used in the construct of patient-care equipment and the build environment are expected in the healthcare setting. But they are constantly under assault by disinfectants such as peracetic acids, formaldehydes, ammonium-based chemicals, isopropyl alcohol, and other chemicals. Exposure to the various chemistries used in the hospital has led to cracking, crazing and hazing in certain plastics and other materials, which can trigger failure and compromises in performance, product life and safety of the device. Chemical compatibility, also referred to as chemical resistance, is defined as the resistance to change in mechanical properties after exposure to a chemical under a well-defined set of conditions. “We have had lots of surfaces in my hospital fail,” says Christine Carr, MD, CPE, FACEP, a professor in the Department of Emergency Medicine and Department of Public Health Sciences at the Medical University of South Carolina. “The toxicity of the cleansing agents that we use combined with the frequency that we have to clean our surfaces exaggerates flaws in the product quickly. Also, the variety of restrictions on what cleansing products we can use them what services makes it complicated. I’m more likely we will use the wrong product in the wrong surface. Examples include failed mattress covers on the stretchers, fading of countertops, etc.” Biomedical Engineers: A Key Colleague to IP and EVS We spoke with Richard Fechter, a principal developmental engineer at UCSF Medical Center and UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, who helps manage nearly 40,000 pieces of medical equipment, regarding the key role biomedical engineers play in hospitals. HHM Are biomedical engineers working in the hospital environment the unsung heroes – if no one knows they exist, does that mean all of the equipment/devices is working properly? HHM For the uninitiated: What, exactly, do biomedical engineers in the healthcare environment, do and why are they so critical? Richard Fechter (RF): The biomeds (also known as clinical engineers or healthcare technology management professionals) manage all the equipment in the hospital. Everything from simple thermometers to multi-million-dollar MRI scanners. This includes capital budget planning and construction to routine maintenance and repairs. When equipment fails, it can be a danger to patients and staff and disrupt scheduling. RF: I suppose you could say that, but equipment problems are a daily occurrence so most of the clinical staff are well acquainted with us. HHM How do you see the role of biomedical engineers supporting patient/healthcare worker safety? RF: In addition to repairing broken equipment, we also investigate incidents involving equipment and find ways to prevent problems from happening again. Here is an example: Some time ago we had a number of incidents involving our Continued on Page 22 20 august 2020 • www.healthcarehygienemagazine.com