further , more systematic , investigation . Suggestions are provided as to the factors which should be considered for a more systematic research program .
Treatment of phantom limb pain using hypnotic imagery . Oakley DA , Whitman LG , Halligan PW , Department of Psychology , University College , London , UK .
Hypnosis Has a Reliable and Significant Impact on Acute and Chronic Pain
Hypnosis has been demonstrated to reduce analogue pain , and studies on the mechanisms of laboratory pain reduction have provided useful applications to clinical populations . Studies showing central nervous system activity during hypnotic procedures offer preliminary information concerning possible physiological mechanisms of hypnotic analgesia . Randomized controlled studies with clinical populations indicate that hypnosis has a reliable and significant impact on acute procedural pain and chronic pain conditions . Methodological issues of this body of research are discussed , as are methods to better integrate hypnosis into comprehensive pain treatment .
Hypnosis and clinical pain . Patterson DR , Jensen MP , Department of Rehabilitation Medicine , University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle , WA USA 98104 Psychol Bull . 2003 Jul ; 129 ( 4 ): 495-521 .
Hypnosis is a Powerful Tool in Pain Therapy and is Biological in Addiction to Psychological
Attempting to elucidate cerebral mechanisms behind hypnotic analgesia , we measured regional cerebral blood flow with positron emission tomography in patients with fibromyalgia , during hypnotically-induced analgesia and resting wakefulness . The patients experienced less pain during hypnosis than at rest . The cerebral blood-flow was bilaterally increased in the orbitofrontal and subcallosial cingulate cortices , the right thalamus , and the left inferior parietal cortex , and was decreased bilaterally in the cingulate cortex . The observed blood-flow pattern supports notions of a multifactorial nature of hypnotic analgesia , with an interplay between cortical and subcortical brain dynamics . Copyright 1999 European Federation of Chapters of the International Association for the Study of Pain .
Functional anatomy of hypnotic analgesia : a PET study of patients with fibromyalgia . Wik G , Fischer H , Bragee B , Finer B , Fredrikson M , Department of Clinical Neurosciences , Karolinska Institute and Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden Eur J Pain . 1999 Mar ; 3 ( 1 ): 7-12 .