HCBA Lawyer Magazine Vol. 30, No. 5 | Page 63

ThE APPlICATIon oF dAUBERT In BUSInESS lITIgATIon Trial & Litigation Section Chair: Morgan Streetman – Streetman Law The criteria used to evaluate reliability of scientific or technical testimony is the same for non-scientific, I experience-based testimony. n May 2019, the Florida Supreme Court adopted the standard set forth in Daubert for expert testimony. 1 Three distinct, yet somewhat overlapping, inquiries are made to determine admissibility: (1) the qualifications of the expert, (2) relevance of the expert’s opinion, and (3) reliability of the method used in forming the opinion. In addition, the expertise and opinion must be helpful to the trier of fact concerning matters beyond the understanding of an average lay person. In the commercial context, litigants regularly retain experts to provide testimony concerning damages, to appraise and value property, or to perform financial calculations. Professionals who provide expertise on these topics are usually licensed CPAs, forensic accountants, appraisers, or business valuation experts. Their opinions are generally admissible because the methodologies used to develop their opinions are reliable, involve testing and empirical evaluation, and apply standards published in textbooks or by professional associations or institutes. Expert opinions are not limited to technical expertise though. Another type of expert opinion often proffered in business litigation is neither scientific nor technical. Rather, these opinions are based on “specialized knowledge.” A person M AY - J U N E 2 0 2 0 | HCBA LAWYER may obtain specialized knowledge and be qualified as an expert as a result of his or her experience in a field. For example, it may be helpful to a trier of fact to learn what constitutes standard or reasonable practice in a given industry, and whether the facts at issue comport with what is reasonably standard or customary. These opinions are more easily susceptible to attack. The criteria used to evaluate reliability of scientific or technical testimony is the same for non- scientific, experience-based testimony. Experts who rely on their experience as a basis for their expertise are required to explain how that experience led to the conclusion reached, why that experience is a sufficient basis for the opinion, and how the experience is reliably applied to the facts of the case. Daubert instructs that “specialized knowledge” connotes more than subjective belief or unsupported speculation. It is perfectly acceptable for a qualified, non-technical expert to review the facts and documents relevant to a case, and then apply his or her experience and expertise against the information gleaned to develop an opinion. But if there is too great of an analytical gap between the data and the opinion offered, the opinion should be excluded. In other words, there must be a reliable connection between the expertise, the data considered, and the opinion drawn beyond the mere ipse dixit of the expert. Counsel should expect that any non-technical retained expert will be subject to a Daubert challenge. Accordingly, it is important to begin preparing for the challenge at the time of engagement. Practitioners should educate the expert as to the legal standard for admissibility and ensure the expert is undertaking a reliable methodology. Hallmarks of reliability include: (1) reviewing the whole file, rather than cherry-picked documents selected by counsel; (2) interviewing relevant witnesses or consulting with other experts; (3) reviewing industry publications; and (4) clearly articulating how the expert’s expertise informs the underlying analysis. n In re: Amendments to the Florida Evidence Code, 278 So. 3d 551 (Fla. 2019). 1 Author: Brandon Faulkner – Holland & Knight LLP 61