HCBA Lawyer Magazine Vol. 30, No. 2 | Page 56

nEw statE law rEstricts local govErnMEnt rEgulation of trEE rEMoval Real Property, Probate & Trust law Section Chairs:­Elaine­McGinnis­-­Law­Office­of­Elaine­McGinnis,­P.A.­and­Kristin­Morris­-­Shutts­&­Bowen the new law substantially constrains local governments in their fight to protect trees E on private property from trimming, pruning, or arlier this year, Governor DeSantis signed into law what is commonly referred to as House Bill 1159, 1 which substantially limits the ability of local governments to regulate the trimming and removal of trees on private property effective July 1, 2019. First, the law creates a new Property Owner Bill of Rights. Although this declaration of private property rights does not create a civil cause of action, it emphasizes individuals’ rights to acquire, use, enjoy and dispose of property, to exclude others from it, to receive just compensation when their property is taken for public purpose or when government regulations unfairly affects their property, and affirms their rights to due process. 2 More importantly, however, the new law substantially constrains local governments in their fight to protect trees on private property from trimming, pruning, or removal by landowners, by prohibiting local governments from stopping such actions so long as those landowners obtain documentation that the tree presents a danger to person or property from a licensed arborist. 3 This new law also prevents local governments from requiring property owners to replant new removal by landowners. trees after removing an old tree. Similarly, the law amends an existing statutory provision 4 to now prevent local governments from requiring utility companies to obtain special municipal approval to trim, prune, or remove trees as part of right-of-way tree maintenance procedures. Historically, local governments have enjoyed extensive power to regulate the trimming and removal of trees within their municipalities. For example, citing a concern for maintaining sufficient canopy cover and preserving the city’s tree population, the City of Tampa has previously passed ordinances restricting the ability to trim and remove trees on their land. Tampa’s regulations require homeowners and developers to go through what can be an extensive permitting process before they can remove trees. The City has similarly adopted rules requiring property owners to replant new trees after removing an old tree with a trunk in excess of a certain diameter. The new law’s restrictions on local governments will likely limit the scope of these and other city tree ordinances and make it much easier for property owners to trim and remove trees on their land. The new law may also have more general implications for home rule: the principle in Florida that local governments can adopt their own ordinances and regulations on any issue in the absence of any state law specifying otherwise. By limiting local government authority to regulate homeowner tree removal and control local tree populations, the new law may lead to an erosion of other local government powers and restrict the scope of home rule. n Ch. 2019- 155, Laws. of Fla. 2 § 70.002, Fla. Stat. (2019). 3 § 163.045, Fla. Stat. (2019). 4 § 163.3209, Fla. Stat. (2019). 1 Authors: Ryan Divers, Summer Associate from Harvard Law School, and Derek Larsen-Chaney – Phelps Dunbar Don’t forget to vote in Our 30th Anniversary Cover Art Contest! 54 NOV - DEC 2019 | HCBA LAWYER