Hazard Risk Resilience Magazine Volume 1 Issue 3 | Page 26

INTRO | HIGHLIGHTS | FEATURES | INTERVIEWS | PERSPECTIVES THE LOSS OF MEOLS, MERSEYSIDE ANOTHER SETTLEMENT which was lost following sand encroachment was Meols, Merseyside, where a thriving fishing and trading community existed up until the close of the 15th century. Discoveries of coins, personal accessories and other artefacts over the last two hundred years allow a particularly in-depth picture of this event to be reconstructed. A drop in the quantity of coins from the 14th century suggests environmental conditions could have become increasingly problematic, but material remains continue to demonstrate occupation until the end of the 15th century. At this point a community appeared two kilometres to the south at a location called Great Meols, and a thick layer of sand entombed the medieval remains of the original settlement. Analysis of historical maps has demonstrated that the new settlement must have developed in response to the loss of Meols, with formerly marginal fields reorganised to form the heart of a new settlement. This must have been a time of great upheaval and Meols was not a case in isolation, with a number of other towns and villages, known from historical documents, disappearing at a similar time along the Merseyside coast. This may have been a result of increased storminess caused by changes in climate, but whatever the reason, the surviving inhabitants of these settlements had no choice but to relocate. 1 27 MIDDENS: MITIGATING WIND-BLOWN SAND HAZARDS LESS MAJOR sand encroachments could be mitigated or prevented using a variety of