Message from the Council of the College of Veterinarians of Ontario.............................4
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Executive Summary...........................................................................................................5
Introduction.......................................................................................................................6
CVO Project Overview.......................................................................................................8
Overview Of Food-Producing Animal Industries In Ontario..............................................9
Beef Cattle................................................................................................................10
Dairy Cattle...............................................................................................................11
Poultry.......................................................................................................................12
Small Ruminants.......................................................................................................13
Swine........................................................................................................................14
Veal Calves...............................................................................................................15
Veterinarians.............................................................................................................17
Use of Antibiotics in Food-Producing Animals in Ontario...............................................18
Conditions Treated with Antibiotics...........................................................................19
Most Commonly Used Antibiotics.............................................................................22
Decision Making Regarding Use of Antibiotics........................................................23
Extra-Label Drug Use...............................................................................................25
Perceptions of Ontario Veterinarians..............................................................................26
Current Use of Antibiotics by Veterinarians..............................................................27
Potential to Reduce Use of Antibiotics.....................................................................28
Influence of Veterinarians.........................................................................................28
Consequences of Maintaining Current Situation......................................................29
Desired Outcomes....................................................................................................30
Current Situation: Strengths......................................................................................31
Current Situation: Challenges...................................................................................33
Suggested Actions...................................................................................................34
Summary of Suggested Actions.....................................................................................38
Legislation & Regulation...........................................................................................39
Research & Surveillance...........................................................................................40
Education & Liaison..................................................................................................41
Quality Assurance.....................................................................................................42
Veterinary Stewardship of Antibiotic Use in Food-Producing Animals in Ontario........... 51
Consultations & Feedback..............................................................................................53
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................54
Appendix I: Acronyms Used In This Report....................................................................55
3
Antibiotic Use in Food-Producing Animals in Ontario: A Study of the Current Practises and Perceptions of Ontario Veterinarians