Signs and symptoms
Management
1.
Excessive urinating
Abnormal thirst
Weight loss
Fatigue and weakness
Excessive hunger
Visual disturbances
General aches and pains
Itchiness of the skin
Slow healing of cuts and
wounds
Frequent infections
Numbness or tingling in
the feet and hands
Dehydration
Acetone breath
Decreased levels of
consciousness-dizziness
and loss of balance
Abnormally deep, very
rapid sighing breathing
known as Kussmaul’s
respirations
Nausea, vomiting, stomach
pains
2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Administer prescribed
medications. In type 1 the
client with the condition
should take prescribed
insulin. It must be
administered at least a
minute to 30 minutes before
meals.
Nutritional
recommendations to
individuals should be
modified to take account of
associated features of
diabetes, including:
Excess weight and obesity
Underweight
Eating disorders
Raised blood pressure
Renal failure
-Adults with type 1 diabetes
who choose to integrate
increased physical activity into
a healthier lifestyle should be
offered information about:
Appropriate intensity
and frequency of
physical activity
Role of self-monitoring
of changed insulin
and/or nutritional needs
Effect of activity on
blood glucose levels
(likely fall) when insulin
levels are adequate
Effect of exercise on
blood glucose levels
when hyperglycemic and
hypoinsulinaemic (risk
of worsening of
hyperglycemia and
ketonaemia)
Appropriate
adjustments of insulin
dosage and/or
nutritional intake for
exercise and postexercise periods, and the
next 24 hours
Interactions of exercise
and alcohol
When blood and urine tests are
made:
In the next issue we will
continue more on management
of type 1 diabetes mellitus
including how to administer
insulin, recommended exercise
routines and the diet plan for
those people with diabetes.
Stay healthy.
Blood results will indicate
blood sugar levels that are
high for example the
glucose tolerance test will
reveal blood glucose over
200mg/dl at the 2-hour
sample.
Urine specimen reveals
absence of ketosis
Serum blood glucose level
is less than 70mg/dl
42
There is no such thing as a ‘diabetic
diet’. It is simply a healthy eating
plan-and the way we should all eat.
3. Use of peer support groups
4. Physical activity
-Adults with type 1 diabetes should
be advised that physical activity can
reduce their enhanced arterial risk
in the medium and longer term.