NEWS
Figure 2 : Representative symbiotic ( with Curvularia sp .) and nonsymbiotic D . laguninosum plants with rhizosphere temperatures of 50 ° C for 3 days or 65 ° C for 8 hours / day for 10 days under laboratory conditions ( A ) and in 40 ° C or 45 ° C soil field conditions ( B ) ( Redman et al , 2002 ).
Figure 3 : ( Top ) Representative D . lanuginosum plants after the heat-stress experiment with thermal soil simultors . Rhizosphere temperature was maintained at 65 ° C for 10 hours and 37 ° C for 14 hours / day for 14 days under greenhouse conditions . Plants were nonsymbiotic ( NS ) and symbiotic with the wild-type virus-infected isolate of C . protuberata ( Wt ), the hygromycin-resistant isolate newly infected with the virus through hyphal anastomosis ( An ), or the virus-free hygromycin-resistant isolate ( VF ). ( Bottom ) The histogram presents
the number of plants chlorotic , dead , and alive at the end of the experiment . The small letters on top of the bars indicate statistical differences or similarities ( chi-square test , P < 0.01 ) ( Márquez et al , 2007 ).
Figure 4 : How D . thermale become thermotolerant . Modified from Marin et al ( 2020 ), te Velthuis ( 2014 ), and J . St , John ( Wikipedia ).
Literature Cited Marin , Yasmina & Hernández-Restrepo , Margarita & Crous , Pedro . ( 2020 ). Multi-locus phylogeny of the genus Curvularia and description of ten new species . Mycological Progress . 19 . 559 – 588 . 10.1007 / s11557-020-01576-6 .
Márquez LM , Redman RS , Rodriguez RJ , Roossinck MJ . A virus in a fungus in a plant : three-way symbiosis required for thermal tolerance . Science . 2007 Jan 26 ; 315 ( 5811 ): 513-5 . doi : 10.1126 / science . 1136237 . Erratum in : Science . 2007 Apr 13 ; 316 ( 5822 ): 201 . PMID : 17255511 .
Redman RS , Sheehan KB , Stout RG , Rodriguez RJ , Henson JM . Thermotolerance generated by plant / fungal symbiosis . Science . 2002 Nov 22 ; 298 ( 5598 ): 1581 . doi : 10.1126 / science . 1072191 . PMID : 12446900 .
Stout RG , Al-Niemi TS . Heat-tolerant flowering plants of active geothermal areas in Yellowstone National Park . Ann Bot . 2002 Aug ; 90 ( 2 ): 259-67 . doi : 10.1093 / aob / mcf174 . PMID : 12197524 ; PMCID : PMC4240417 .
te Velthuis , A . J . W . Common and unique features of viral RNA-dependent polymerases . Cell . Mol . Life Sci . 71 , 4403 – 4420 ( 2014 ). https :// doi . org / 10.1007 / s00018-014-1695-z
31 Grassroots Vol 21 No 1 March 2021