Grassroots Vol 21 No 1 | Page 40

NEWS

global mean annual temperature warming , rather than cooling , across the Holocene period ," Bova said .
Specifically , the team demonstrated " that late Holocene cooling as reconstructed by proxies is a seasonal signal ," Bova told Space . com .
To do this , the team developed a new method that allowed them to " use seasonal temperatures to come up with annual averages . Using our new method , we demonstrate that Holocene mean annual temperatures have been steadily rising ," Bova added .
The scientists analyzed previously published sea surface temperature data , which used information about the fossils of foraminifera — singlecelled organisms that live on the surface of the ocean - and other biomarkers from marine algae . This allowed them to reconstruct temperatures through history .
With this data , " we show that the post-industrial increase in global temperature rose from the warmest mean annual temperature recorded over the past 12,000 years ," Bova said , adding that this is contrary to recent research .
" Earth ’ s global temperatures have therefore reached uncharted territory that has not been observed over at least the past 12,000 and perhaps the past 128,000 years ."
" Given that 2020 is tied for the warmest year on record based on the new NASA / NOAA data release , our results demonstrate that average annual temperatures in 2020 were the warmest of the last 12,000 years and possibly the last 128,000 years ," Bova concluded . ( NOAA is the U . S . National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration .)
By confirming temperature records throughout this time period , the team didn ' t just provide additional evidence for " the efficacy of current climate models in accurately simulating climate over the past 12,000 years ," Bova said .
The work also " gives confidence in their ability to predict the future ."
This work was published Jan . 27 in the journal Nature .
Watch the video here :
Go check out the following

Websites , Webinars & Podcasts

WEBSITES Open Ecosystems Grasses created the unique sunlit grasslands and savannas of the world . They are in constant battle with forests to keep the ecosystems open that support an astonishing array of life .
Therefore , William Bond has developed a website with useful grassland resources : www . openecosystems . co . za / . It also features his newly released video “ The untold story of grasses ” ( https :// youtu . be / GAoVZoZpqro ).
www . theindigenousgardener . co . za /
WEBINARS Fire : A Necessary Evil Navashni Govender , Conservation Manager at the Kruger National Park , is presenting a webinar on fire on 8 April 2021 . More information is available here : http :// bit . ly / 3rZ71Tv
Ecology Live – British Ecological Society
www . britishecologicalsociety . org / events / ecology-live-2021 / register-now-for-ecology-live /
PODCASTS The Art of Range
The Art of Range is a podcast about rangelands for people who manage rangelands .
The goal is education and conservation through conversation .
Find us online at www . artofrange . com
39 Grassroots Vol 21 No 1 March 2021