Grassroots Grassroots - Vol 20 No 1 | Page 39

NEWS New ‘South African’ pasture crop for Aussie farmers Reprinted From: http://bit.ly/2PptY0P Stellenbosch University F armers in the sandy areas of Western Australia will soon be able to plant a brand new perennial pasture crop that originated from South Africa. Some ten years ago, researchers from the Murdoch University in Western Australia went on a mission to find a new legumi- nous pasture crop for their farmers. The research group, led by Prof John Howie- son, went through most of the Mediter- ranean regions and their search was fi- nally completed in South Africa. Lebeckia ambigua, an upright growing green plant with beautiful bright yellow flowers, was the plant that caught their attention. During their search for a pasture crop, seed from the Lebeckia plant was collect- ed in the sandy regions of the Northern and Western Cape of South Africa. The surrounding areas, where the plant was found, compared well to typical condi- tions in Western Australia. According to the Australian research group, this plant grew in low rainfall areas (200 – 450 mm) in deep, infertile sandy soils. Howieson and his team took some seeds back to Murdoch University and years of research led to the introduction of a brand new leguminous pasture crop for the low rainfall, sandy regions of Aus- tralia. During the recent launch of the pasture crop in Australia, Howieson men- tioned that this specific crop would turn 3 million hectares of marginal soils into areas with productive summer pastures. The crop will survive summer months and farmers will be able to increase the carry- ing capacity of their pastures. Economic analyses also showed that Australian famers could possibly make 400 Austral- ian dollars more per hectare compared to other available pastures in the same climatic conditions. During the years the research group spent commercializing Lebeckia, two new rhizobium species (Burkholderia dil- wothii and Burkholderia sprentiae), were associated with the plant. Inoculation with the rhizobium species will allow the Lebeckia plant to fixate nitrogen in low pH, sandy soils. on Isanti as it means “sand” in Xhosa. It originally grows in the Sandveld region of the Western Cape and therefore the name can directly relate to the original derivation. The Isanti-cultivar will probably also be available to South African farmers in the near future. Meanwhile, researchers of the Western Cape Department of Agri- culture have received 100 grams of Isanti seed from Howieson. They are aiming to establish a few plants in Hopefield and Lambertsbaai to see if the crop will provide adequate pastures in sandy soils during late summer months and autumn. No nitrogen fertilisation would thus be necessary on the pastures, however, ad- ditional superphosphates and potassium are recommended in a 3:1 ratio. If the trial succeeds, Murdoch University will be requested to make the seed and rhizobium species available to South Af- rican farmers. The first seed will be commercially avail- able to Australian farmers next year. This seed will be sold as the first cultivar of Lebeckia, Isanti. The cultivar name was given by a Stellenbosch University stu- dent, Karen Truter. Karen Truter is a second year MSc stu- dent in the Department of Agronomy. She works under supervision of Dr Pieter Swanepoel of the Department and Dr Johann Strauss from the Western Cape Department of Agriculture. Her research focusses on conservation agriculture sys- tems and the type of seed-drill to use for crop establishment. During a recent visit to Murdoch Uni- versity in Australia, Howieson asked for suggestions for a cultivar name for Lebeckia. It was decided to use a word from an African language that is easy to pronounce in English. Karen decided Editor's Note Karen has now completed her MSc and is graduating in March 2020. Figure 1: The seed for a new pasture crop will soon be available. Grassroots Vol 20 No 1 March 2020 38