Global Security and Intelligence Studies Volume 3, Number 2, Fall/Winter 2018 | Page 12

Conflicting Values Shaping Perceptions of Community Security and Women’s Health Security
不太重要的选择 ? 互相冲突的价值观影响社区安全观念和妇女健康安全观念
摘要
近年来 , 国际组织、各国政府和非政府组织从国家安全领域向人类安全领域转变了视角。性别角度对于安全的理解因此纳入主流。然而 , 妇女的安全只应从社区安全的角度来理解 , 这种观点在不同文化背景下仍然有所体现。本文探讨了危地马拉玛雅社区和美国 Quiverfull 基督徒 ( 保守派 ) 社区中妇女安全与社区安全之间的关系。具体而言 , 本文分析了危地马拉阿蒂特兰湖地区土著妇女和女孩在提供性教育和避孕教育的非政府组织协助下所面临的挑战和为促进妇女放弃对其性行为和生育控制的美国宗教运动中妇女面临的挑战之间的相似之处。虽然这两种文化都包含反对避孕药具的文化和宗教论点 , 而且都以男性权威为基础 , 但 Quiverfull 基督徒社区为妇女履行宗教使命提供了更为明确的政治理由。妇女的健康需要和生育控制可能对社区需要构成威胁 , 这种观念影响了妇女对于自身安全的理解。基于性别的人类安全攻略提出 , 妇女的健康需要不仅仅是个人安全的问题 ; 它们以对更大范围社区和整个民族国家至关重要的方式影响安全。
关键词 : 人类安全 , 性别 , 非政府组织 , 生育 , 危地马拉 ,Quiverfull
The view that women’s security should be understood in terms of community
security is seen in multiple settings across cultures. What follows is an
exploration of the relationship between women’s security and community
security in two communities: the Maya community in the Lake Atitlan region of
Guatemala and the Quiverfull community in the United States. Specifically, this
article examines the parallels between challenges faced by indigenous women and
girls in the Lake Atitlan region of Guatemala, even with the assistance of nongovernmental
organizations (NGOs) providing sexual education and contraception,
and challenges faced by women in a religious movement in the United States that
promotes women’s surrender of control over their sexuality and reproduction.
While both cultures include cultural and religious arguments against contraceptives
and are grounded in male authority, the Quiverfull community provides a
much more explicitly political reason for women to follow religious mandates.
These two cases are illustrative of the common covert and overt pressures that
impact women’s health security in two dissimilar communities.
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