Index 245
Fault lines. See also San Andreas fault
importance of, 126
origins of discovery, 126–27
Field data
ice ages, 69
Fission. See also Fusion; Nuclear fission
radioactive dating, 119
Fixed-order lines
chromosomes, function of, 122
Fleming, Alexander
penicillin, 158–59
Flemming, Walther
cell division, 92–94
“Fly Room, The,” 121
Food
metabolism, 174–75
vitamins, 117–18
Force. See also Weak and strong force
laws of motion, 31–32
Fossils. See also Coelacanth; Continental drift;
Dinosaur fossils; Geology; Human
evolution; Nature of dinosaurs; Origins
of life
definition of, 25
importance of, 25
“living fossil,” 176–77
origins of discovery, 25–26
seafloor spreading, 200
Fractionation
cell structure, 165–66
Franklin, Benjamin
electricity, 38–39
oceans, effects on weather, 40–42
Friction
nature of heat, 49–50
Fundamentals of Ecology, 170
Fusion. See also Fission
importance of, 192
origins of discovery, 192–93
Galaxies
accelerating universe, 218–19
atomic light signatures, 81–82
dark matter, 212
Doppler Effect, 75–76
expanding universe, 150–51
existence of planets around other stars, 216
importance of, 36
origins of discovery, 36–37
quasars and pulsars, 206
weak and strong force, 171–72
Galen
circulatory system, 15
human anatomy, 7–8
Galilei, Galileo
air pressure, 17
Jupiter’s moons, 13–14
law of falling objects, 9–10
laws of motion, 31
sun-centered universe, 6
Gamma rays. See also X-rays
electromagnetic radiation/radio waves, 83
infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) light,
55
isotopes, 134
Gamow, George
Big Bang theory, 185–86
Gas. See also Nitrous oxide; Oxygen
anesthesia, 58
atomic light signatures, 81–82
Boyle’s Law, 19–20
electrochemical bonding, 61
matter, 47
molecules, 63–64
nature of the atmosphere, 202
origins of life, 195
Geiger counter, 120
Gell-Mann, Murry
quarks, 203–4
Generators
electricity, 38
Genes. See also “Jumping genes”
chromosomes, function of, 121
function of, 167–68
importance of, 167
origins of discovery, 167–68
Genetics. See Biochemical genetics;
Chromosomes; Complete evolution;
Heredity
Genome. See Human genome
Geology, 26, 52. See also Continental drift;
Fault lines; Fossils; Ice ages;
Isotopes; Radioactive dating
Geophysics
Earth’s core and mantle, 136–37
Germ theory. See also Viruses
importance of, 77
origins of discovery, 77–78
Germanium, 183–84
Glaciers
ice ages, 69–70