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3BHow Your Hearing Works
tipping over the next, you will have some idea of how these bones work
in conjunction with each other to transfer the vibrations from the ear
drum into the inner ear.
As we have already discovered, the middle ear is an air filled space that
is occupied by three tiny bones: the malleus, the incus and the stapes.
Commonly referred to as the hammer, the anvil and the stirrup
respectively, these bones, although very small, do the big job of moving
sounds into the inner ear. When the eardrum vibrates, it transfers that
energy to the malleus, which is actually connected to the eardrum. The
malleus moves back and forth, side to side; and this in turn moves the
next attached bone, the incus. The incus takes that energy and transfers
it to the stapes. The stapes is positioned to impact the cochlea, which
make up the fluid filled chamber of the inner ear.
Amplification takes place in the middle ear because the bones are
perfectly designed to work together, and their interaction increases the
forces of pressure on the cochlea as they bump up against each other.
The size of the eardrum in comparison to the size of the bones helps this
amplification process. Because the eardrum is larger than the Ossicles,
the energy can be actually multiplied as it is conducted through these
bones. The smaller parts sustain a greater impact, and therefore pass
on more energy to the next component than the eardrum would on its
own.
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