GeminiFocus July, 2015 | Page 12

Figure 3. Light curves of three of the doublydegenerate SNe Ia, from the Kepler satellite (filled points and error bars), compared with models (blue lines). ties provided key pieces of evidence that helped the teams classify the supernovae as SN Ia. NASA’s Swift satellite triggered the first result. The ultraviolet emission it detected from the supernova was initially bright but decayed rapidly, which supports theoretical models of the “single degenerate” origin, where the companion star survives its collision with ejected material producing this emission. The Gemini observations were part of the Large and Long program that Mansi Kasliwal (also California Institute of Technology) leads, designed to obtain rapid spectroscopy using the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS). In contrast, the second paper shows three examples with no evidence for interaction with a surviving companion. This supports a “double degenerate” origin, which leaves no material for subsequent interaction. NASA’s Kepler satellite provided the first observations of these supernovae. The groundbased spectra, using GMOS on both Gemini North and South, showed that the hosts are passive galaxies at redshifts around 0.1. The two papers appear in the journal Nature, volume 521, pages 328 and 332. Nancy A. Levenson is Deputy Director and Head of Science at Gemini Observatory. Her office is at Gemini South headquarters in La Serena, Chile. She can be reached at: [email protected] 10 GeminiFocus July 2015