GeminiFocus December 2012 | Page 16

Figure 3. The position and velocity offsets between the merging components observed in the SMGs compared to the offsets within galaxy halos of varying mass ranges extracted from the Millennium Simulation database (orange dashed lines). The SMG offsets are best described by the halo masses between 1013 and 1014 solar masses. paring the observations to the properties of simulated galaxy halos extracted from the Millennium Simulation database. Within each halo we identify the constituent subhalos, then measure the average offset between the most bound subhalo and the other subhalos. We therefore derive spatial and velocity offsets for simulated galaxy halos in various mass ranges. Figure 3 compares our observed offsets to the simulated ones and shows that the SMG offsets are best described by the simulated galaxy halo masses between 1013 and 1014 solar masses, which is more massive than previous measures of SMG halo masses. The Future The arrival of telescopes capable of millimeter interferometry has enabled the study of the fuel for rapid star formation in early galaxies. It also allows us to trace their molecular gas in the same detail as their ionized gas. By combining these observations, it will be possible, to probe the complicated gas processes in great detail. We can then better constrain the progenitor systems of the mergers, understand the triggering pro- 16 GeminiFocus cess of the prodigious star formation, and also explore the evolution of these systems towards the massive elliptical galaxies observed in the local universe. References: Alaghband-Zadeh, S., et al., Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 424: 2232, 2012 Forster-Schreiber, N. M., et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 706: 1364, 2009 Shapiro, K. L., et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 682: 231, 2008 Krajnović, D., et al., Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 366: 787, 2006 Bothwell, M. S., et al., Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 405: 219, 2010 Narayanan, D., et al., Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 400: 1919, 2009 Davé, R., et al., Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 404: 1355, 2010 Springel, V., et al., Nature, 435: 629, 2005 Susannah Alaghband-Zadeh is a Ph.D. student at the Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge. She can be reached at: [email protected] December2012