GeminiFocus December 2012 | Page 23

Figure 2. Environmental Effect? The Importance of Our Results We are currently working on more Gemini data of other UV sources in H I tails of several interacting systems –– searching for any environmental evidence that may be decisive factors in the formation of TDGs or/and stellar clusters. Some preliminary results show that compact groups of galaxies may be more conducive to TDG formation (or better said, TDG survival) than pairs and mergers. This argument agrees with the simulations by Bournaud and Duc (2006) where specific conditions, such as low impact velocity (v < 250 kilometers per second), prograde encounters and mass ratios up to 4:1 may lead to TDG formation. Compact groups might harbor these conditions besides the possibility that group potential may be able to drive TDGs away from the nearby proximity of their progenitor galaxies. The fate of these newly discovered objects is still unknown. Whether these systems will become independent entities is not clear. It will depend on several parameters, such as the distance to the parent galaxies and total masses. TDGs, for instance, might grow into dwarf galaxies and become part of the interacting system. But they might also fall into bigger galaxies and be torn apart. December2012 GALEX NUV-band image of the H I tidal tail of NGC 2782. NUV-band image of the entire target is shown in the upper-left corner. Topright: Gemini r-band image of the tail. The numbered circles (4 arcsecond radius) show the detected regions. The contours represent the H I distribution taken from Smith (1994). Bottom images: close-up of the detected regions (left-hand side: NUV-band image; right-hand side: r-band image). The Gemini r-band image resolved the UV detections in several smaller stellar clusters, as exemplified in the lowest six panels. The white rectangles over regions 5, 6, and 7 indicate, approximately, the position of the slit in the spectroscopic observation. Stellar clusters may also be tidally shredded and become sparse stars in the intergalactic medium; they might also become the progenitors of globular clusters and stay as part of the final merging system. Independently of what the future holds for these systems, when they are young, they contain massive stars which will explode as supernovae as they evolve. Because the masses of these systems are low, the GeminiFocus 23