Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin (ISSN 0178 – 6288) . Number 116, August 2014, pp. 1-23.

6 َّ َّ ُ ْ ُ َ ِ َ َّ ‫أَلَم ٌَر ْوا إِلَى الطٌْر مسخرات فًِ جوِّ السماء ما ٌمسِ كهُنَّ إَِّل هللا ُ ۗ إِنَّ فًِ ََٰذلِك آل ٌَات لِق ْوم‬ ٍ َ َّ َ ُ ِ َّ َ َ ْ ٍ َ ٍ َ َ . 79 ‫ٌُإمنون . سورة النحل ، اآلٌة‬ َ ُِ ْ The Rock Pigeon or Rock Dove (Columba livia Gmelin, 1789) is a member of the bird family Columbidae (doves and pigeons). In common usage, this bird is often simply referred to as the "pigeon" (Wikipedia). The species includes the domestic pigeon (including the fancy pigeon), and escaped domestic pigeons have given rise to feral populations around the world. Wild Rock Doves are pale grey with two black bars on each wing, although domestic and feral pigeons are very variable in colour and pattern. There are few visible differences between males and females. The species is generally monogamous, with two squeakers (young) per brood. Both parents care for the young for a time (Wikipedia). Habitats include various open and semi-open environments. Cliffs and rock ledges are used for roosting and breeding in the wild. Originally found wild in Europe, North Africa, and western Asia, feral pigeons have become established in cities around the world. The species is abundant, with an estimated population of 17 to 28 million feral and wild birds in Europe (Wikipedia). ‫زّاَ اٌسشَ ٚ٠غّٝ أ٠عا تسّاَ اٌسّٝ أٚ زّاَ سب اٌث١د‬ ِ ‫اٌسّاَ ِفشدٖ : زّاِح ، ٚ ٠دّغ ػٍٝ زّائُ ٚزّاِاخ ، ٚ ٠ؼذ زّاَ اٌسشَ آ٠ح ِٓ آ٠اخ هللا فٟ خّاي‬ .. ‫خٍمٗ ٌٙزا إٌٛع ِٓ اٌط١ٛس ، ٚ٠مذس ػذدٖ تـ ٤ِال٠١ٓ زّاِح‬ ِٓ ٖ‫٠رّ١ض زّاَ اٌسشَ تغشػرٗ فٟ اٌط١شاْ ، ز١ث ٠صً ئٌٝ ٧٠ أٚ ٧٠ وٍُ/ عاػح ، ٚ ل ٠خرٍػ تغ١ش‬ .. ‫اٌسّاَ ، ٚ٠عغ ت١عٗ ػٍٝ أعطر إٌّاصي ٚ ؽشفاخ إٌٛافز‬ ِٓ ‫أخرٍف فٟ أصً زّاَ اٌسشَ ، فم١ً ئٔٗ ِٓ عالٌح غ١ش األتات١ً - اٌرٟ سِد أتش٘ٗ األؽشَ تسداسج‬ .. ‫عد١ً ػٕذِا ػضَ ػٍٝ ٘ذَ اٌىؼثح - ، ٚ٘زا ٌ١ظ تصس١ر‬ ٗ١ٍ‫ٚ ل١ً أصً زّاَ اٌسشَ ِٓ اٌسّاِر١ٓ اٌٍر١ٓ ػؾؾرا ػٍٝ غاس ثٛس أثٕاء ٘دشج إٌثٟ - صٍٝ هللا ػ‬ .. ‫ٚعٍُ - ، ٚ٘زا األثش ظؼ١ف ِغ ؽٙشذٗ فٟ ورة اٌغ١شج‬ ِٟ‫ٚ ل١ً : أصً زّاَ اٌسشَ ٠شخغ ئٌٝ اٌط١ٛس اٌرٟ وأد ذسَٛ فٛق ِاء صِضَ ٌّا ٔثغ ذسد لذ‬ .. ٍٗ‫ئعّاػ١ً - ػٍ١ٗ ٚػٍٝ أِٗ اٌغالَ - . ٚهللا أػٍُ تاٌشاخر فٟ أص‬ ، ٗ١ٍ‫ل٠دٛص ذٕف١ش زّاَ اٌسشَ ؛ ٌؼَّٛ لٌٛٗ - صٍٝ هللا ػٍ١ٗ ٚعٍُ - : ( ٚل ٠ٕفش ص١ذٖ ) ِرفك ػ‬ . ‫ٚ ئْ زصً ٚٔفّشٖ فال فذ٠ح ػٍ١ٗ ، ٌىٕٗ خاٌف أِش إٌثٟ ﷺ‬ ‫ل ٠دٛص لرً زّاَ اٌسشَ - عٛاء ٌٍّسشَ أٚ غ١شٖ -، ِٚٓ لرٍٗ فؼٍ١ٗ فذ f

Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin (ISSN 0178 – 6288) . Number 116, August 2014, pp. 1-23. | Page 6