Gauteng Smallholder September 2016 | Page 34

GARDEN PESTS From page 30 active in an area. BYDV is a worldwide virus attacking of our most important grasses, as well as wheat and maize. The Agricultural Research Council has established four suction traps to monitor aphid flight patterns, including one in Brits. Winged aphids migrate in upper-air currents, especially those of 12m and higher. Emphasis in this initiative is to capture migratory aphids moving into fields from different geographical areas. Migratory aphids originate from host plants on which the resident population has reached crowding proportions. If such plants were infected with the virus, the disease is easily transferred to the new host plant on which the aphid settles and feeds. By monitoring these migratory aphids, the numbers can be used to warn farmers and smallholders of such activity and potential 'virus pressure' associated with these aphids. At a home gardening level you should check your plants regularly for aphids, An ant “harvesting” nectar froom an aphid. at least twice a week when plants You might be able to contain are growing rapidly, in order the infestation by spraying the to catch infestations early, so aphids off the plants with a you can knock or hose them hose. If you don't mind off or prune them out. Many getting your hands dirty, small species of aphids cause the infestations can be wiped out greatest damage in late spring by hand. when temperatures are warm The best approach to good but not hot. For aphids that vegetable production is to cause leaves to curl, once prevent pest and disease aphid numbers are high and attack rather than trying to they have begun to distort cure it. For this you need to leaves, it's often difficult to ensure a healthy soil and control these pests, because stable environment for plants the curled leaves shelter to grow in. The main way in aphids from insecticides and which this is done is to natural enemies. promote diversity by companMany aphid species prefer ion planting. the underside of leaves, so Work with nature and copy turn leaves over when the natural ways in which checking for aphids. On trees, plants grow. Insects and clip off leaves from several Continued on page 34 areas of the tree. 32 www.sasmallholder.co.za