Gauteng Smallholder September 2015 | Page 27

From page 24 the plough is lowered, and this is achieved by adjusting the central bottle-screw of the three-point linkage, called the top-link. To do this, park the tractor on level ground and gently lower the plough. Watch the tips of the ploughshares carefully as they reach the ground and adjust the bottle screw inwards or outwards until you are satisfied that the shares meet the ground at the same time. The shares are made level by adjusting the length of the toplink (arrowed). Now, here's a tip: In the field the hydraulics actually lower the plough in an arc, so that although you have adjusted the share to an equal height on ground that is level with the tractor wheels, as soon as you lower the plough further (ie 10-15cm into the ground) the rearmost shares will, in the downward arc of travel, actually be lower than the front one, by a fraction. To overcome this, once you are satisfied that the shares are level on flat ground, screw the bottle screw in a fraction, to tweak the rear shares up a little, just to compensate for the arc effect. Up to this stage, all your adjustments have been made on flat level ground. This is not the reality in the field, however, when your tractor is (or should) be working at an angle, the right hand wheels being in the left-most furrow of the previous pass of the IN THE FIELD plough. This can exaggerate the angle of the plough share and mess up your ability to neatly and accurately throw the soil. It will also mean that the left-hand (front) share is now deeper than its counterparts behind and some adjustment by way of the levelling box (on the right hand arm of the three point lift) will be necessary to ensure that the two (or three as the case may be) furrows formed by the shares are of the same depth. Finally, the proof of the ploughing is in the viewing (to mix a metaphor). After a 25 www.sasmallholder.co.za couple of passes up and down the field stop the tractor and examine the furrows and the throws from each pass. Then furrows should be straight and level in depth, both over the full length of the field and in relation to one another and, if your field was flat to begin with, the furrows should each be filled with equal quantities of upended soil from subsequent passes. If either of these criteria is not being achieved, adjust the level, angle and height of the plough in the field before continuing.