Gauteng Smallholder October 2017 | Page 35

IN THE FIELD The basics of preparing for planting I f you have just bought a small tractor and a plough with which to prepare your plot for planting, chances are you are going to be disappointed in your first efforts as a newbie plough- man. And the reason, almost inevitably, is that you will be asking too much of your tractor and plough: asking too much because you will be attempting to plough too deep, thereby causing your plough to hook up in the heavy soil, and your tractor to dig in as a result. For what beginner ploughmen fail to appreciate is that the art of ploughing is not to attempt to excavate the earth to a great depth, but merely to turn over the top few centimetres of soil, in order to turn existing vegetation upside-down, burying the How to set up, and use, a small plough ~ arguably the most difficult implement to master exposed leaves and stems and exposing the roots to sunlight so that the plants die. Nothing more. For, digging around at great depth to loosen compacted subsoil is not the job of the plough. Rather, that should be left to a single-tine (for a small tractor) ripper or subsoiler. Of all the ground-engaging implements you can use to prepare your soil, the plough is the one that requires the most skill, both in set up and in use. But first, let's choose the right plough for your soil condi- tions. If you soil is light and sandy a disc plough (“skottelploeg”), will do a grand job. If, however, your soil is heavy or clayey a disc plough will merely bounce along the surface. For such soils you need a share plough, where the points of the shares will dig into the soil to achieve the desired effect. With a single-share plough much of the adjustment work described below is unneces- Alternative method of adjusting hitch pins to swing rear of plough 33 www