Gauteng Smallholder October 2016 | Page 28

INSECT CONTROL From page 24 of helping to keep insect dangerous, so will not hesitate populations under control as opposed to the continual use to kill one if they find it in of poisonous chemicals that, their homes. This, combined with human encroachment on apart from being illegal, do not provide an effective longtheir natural habitats, is term solution,“ says Jonathan placing pressure on bat Haw of EcoSolutions. “If bats populations. living in the roof of a house Smallholders can help by providing accommodation for are poisoned and die, new bats will simply take their bats on their plots. There are place, and therefore it is ready-made bat boxes available from EcoSolutions in preferable rather to bat-proof the roof and provide alternaStrydom Park. tive housing for the bats.” “It is a cheaper and more environmentally friendly way The alternative is to make a box. This is fairly simple for a reasonably handy DIY maplotter. The box must be made from untreated wood, ie, wood that hasn't been pressuretreated with chemicals. Bats are sensitive to smells, and preservative chemicals may be harmful to them. You will need to use roughsawn wood, rather than smooth, planed wood. If the wood feels too smooth, roughen it by dragging the teeth of a saw across the surface – this helps bats get a good grip as they clamber around their new home. An effective bat house must have good, tight joints, as it has to be completely dark inside and because bats hate a draught. “Glue and screw the wood together,” advises Haw. It must also have a narrow slit at the back of the box, with a rough piece of wood leading up to it that they can clamber up. You'll need a sheet of timber 15cm wide by at least 1,1 m long. A long box is necessary to regulate the temperature inside. Mark the wood with a pencil, according to the diagram, and then cut it in to the sections. The dimensions shown in the diagram are for 20mm thick wood. If your wood is different to that, the dimensions of the base should be 150mm by 130mm minus twice the thickness of the wood, eg, if the wood is 18mm thick, the base should be 150mm x 94mm. Nail all the pieces together as shown in the diagram, making the joints as airtight as possible. Correct positioning of the bat box is crucial. There must be easy access to water. “And not just any water,” says Haw. “Lactating mothers need hard water, as this is a better source of calcium than soft water. Insects are not high in calcium.” Also, the mother doesn't want to leave the babies alone for long. Houses should be placed high enough to allow bats to “drop” down when they exit the house. Bats need a drop before they actually begin flying. Any height above 2m would probably be satisfactory. The temperature inside the bat house plays a huge role. Continued on page 30 26 www.sasmallholder.co.za