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the top right corner, eg 3 + 4. Good practice is to dose alternately with the different active ingredients. You can keep track of what you should use by working according to the month. Thus, if you have to dose a sheep in January, use a dose which contains 1, in February one which contains 2 and so on. In May use a combination, say 3 and 4, and in June go back to 1. Target the most vulnerable( lambs and lactating or heavily pregnant ewes) for special attention. It is largely these groups that will need more treatments and greater vigilance. It is also practical to make some form of temporary marking on the sheep to indicate that it has been dosed. Animal marking sticks are available in different colours and an animalfriendly spray marking paint can also be ordered. Holistic parasite management must also include how you manage your land. In order to decrease the parasite load in the pasture, which will be in the form of eggs in the faeces of the animals, reduce the length of stay of the animals in any one pasture. Short-cropped pastures may indicate high and efficient utilisation, but they also carry the increasing risk of high levels of infection by helminth larvae. Also allow enough time for regrowth to take place. If this is not possible, try to reduce the grazing pressure by placing fewer sheep there. Increase the time of absence from a pasture, especially at danger times. The period of
LIVESTOCK paddock rest is crucial in reducing a build-up of infective larvae and thus the challenge to grazing sheep or goats. If possible alternate with nonsusceptible grazing species, eg, horses, cattle and ostriches. Avoid worm“ hot spots” such as small grassed pens and leaking water troughs. Mend leaking water troughs, fence off marshy areas, and remove grass from all holding and security pens.
Checking for anaemia by examining the eye tissue against a colour chart
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