Gauteng Smallholder June 2016 | Page 39

From page 35 LIVESTOCK that something negative is in the area: fast pace running, loud hissing, a display of jumping and running, standing tall or shrinking down. The vocalisations of emus mostly consist of various booming and grunting sounds and must be pretty scary for a would-be thief to encounter. Some of the booms can be heard from 2km away. Emus have a powerful forward kick which can rip open clothing and exposed flesh. If you want to keep an emu for security purposes, however, remember that it sleeps at night, so you will need to ensure that whatever it is protecting is put away safely at night as well. The other reason for keeping emus is, surprisingly, oil production. There is a large pocket of fat on the back, as well as on the belly, which is processed into oil. The oil is used in dietary supplements, therapeutic products and in cosmetics, depending on the grade of oil. It has external and internal use for human and animal medical conditions. The skin, meat and feathers are also used. The meat is similar to ostrich, in that it is lean, low in cholesterol and rich in nutrients. The birds are slaughtered at between 14 and 18 months, yielding a slaughter weight of 14kg of meat and 10kg of fat. The hides can be tanned, yielding a soft, thin leather. Not surprisingly, the eggs are large ~ on average 13cm by 9cm diameter ~ and weigh between 450 and 650g. Emptied eggs are used decoratively and are sometimes engraved with pictures. In the field, emus forage a variety of plant species, including leaves and grasses. They also eat insects and other arthropods, including grasshoppers. They will need concentrates as well and will eat ostrich pellets, although feed specially formulated for emus is preferable. The female emu is ready to breed at about two years. She can lay up to 40 eggs a season, which lasts from April to October. Commercial breeders incubate the eggs, which take eight weeks to hatch. In the wild the male emu sits on the eggs and looks after the chicks once they have Emus in a smallholder’s paddock hatched. The eggs range in for a few days in a heated colour from turquoise to deep room, but are then kept in a blue or even black. grassed enclosure until they Initially the chicks are kept Continued on page 38 37 www.sasmallholder.co.za