Gauteng Smallholder August 2016 | Page 36

HORSEMANSHIP From page 33 of their diet but donkeys must not be fed large amounts of protein, bread, puffed rice or processed food because they may develop foot disease and become lame. Donkeys have a life span of 30-50 years. Mules have a lower life span of about 30 to 40 years. The modern domestic horse can live about 25-30 years, although a few live longer. So if a horse is a horse, what is a pony? The difference is size. In general, a horse is an equine that stands 14.2 hands high (equivalent to 58 inches or 147cm) or more and a pony is an equine that stands under that mark. (A “hand” is an old measure equivalent to four inches). The height of ponies and horses is measured from the bottom of the forehoof to the highest point of the withers, which is the point where the neck meets the back. The withers is used for measurement since it is a stable part of the anatomy, unlike the head and neck which move up and down with the body of the horse. There are other physical differences. Ponies are typically much stockier than their horse relatives. They also often have thicker manes, tails, and coats, so (depending on breed) are better able to endure cold weather. They have proportionally shorter legs, wider barrels (body of the pony that encloses the ribcage and all major internal organs), heavier bones, shorter and thicker necks, and short heads with broader foreheads. In official equestrian competition in South Africa today children under a certain age inches, measured at the top are obliged to ride ponies of the shoulders, where the and, when they reach their mane ends. Miniature horses teenage years, are obliged to are measured in terms of graduate from their ponies to inches while ponies are horses if they wish to continue measured in terms of hands. competing. This rule applies A full-grown miniature weighs regardless of the size and between 65 – 115 kilograms. strength of the pony, or of the Miniature horses come in size and strength of the child every possible horse colour. or teenager. Ponies have a thicker coat than a miniature. Just when you thought you Miniature horses are better knew about horses and used as home companions, ponies, along comes the being too small to be ridden miniature horse. (although some are used to Although some miniature draw miniature carriages) horses resemble ponies, the whereas ponies are extengoal of miniature horse sively used for driving and all breeders is to create a tiny horse, with everything about it kinds of riding and horse sport. the same as a full-sized horse, only smaller. They should not have short legs, thick necks, or big bellies. A miniature horse is shorter than the smallest pony and may be no Full-size horse and miniature taller than 34 Continued on page 33 34 www.sasmallholder.co.za