Gauteng Smallholder August 2015 | Page 18

PLANNING Establish contour lines on sloping ground I f your land is on a slope you may (in fact should) take care that any groundbreaking cultivation you do is done using contour lines, and incorporating swales, in your cultivation. In this way you will avoid losing your topsoil to your lower-lying neighbours and will, additionally, retain moisture in your soil. On a smallholding establishing contour lines ~ that is level lines that follow the undulations of the ground ~ is easy to do using no more than a hosepipe, a jug of water and a couple of stakes. Attach each end of the hosepipe to a stake ~ a fence dropper is ideal, using two cable ties or bits of baling wire or string, so that at least 30cm of hose is attached to the stake in each case, and in such a way that the ends of the hose are exactly the same distance from the bottom of From page 14 and with the added advantage that the program will instantly calculate lengths and areas for you. This is particularly useful if your fields are not square or rectangular. Knowing the lengths of boundaries or the area of individual portions of your property is helpful, for example, when buying fencing materials, or when calculating how much fertilizer you will need for a particular field, or how much seed to buy. And how much produce you can expect the field to yield at harvest time. Note that your GPS co- ordinates are not accurate enough for land surveying use and because of the movement of the satellites that plot them they tend to “wander” a metre or two with time. Thus, if after a year or so you try to add some new coordinates of, say, a new field, to your original map you may find that it seems way out of the original boundaries. To correct this you will need to walk the boundary again and re-collect and re-enter all the co-ordinates afresh. MAPMAKING your Google Earth picture, but with greater accuracy, 16 www.sasmallholder.co.za Continued on page 17