Gauteng Smallholder April 2016 | Page 33

From page 29 with even less sunshine. You will need to place your garden to receive the kind of sun exposure your plants need to grow their best. Bear in mind, also, that the angle of the sun in winter is more acute than in summer and thus the area shaded by trees, buildings etc will be very different to that in summer. You can also plan your planting so that some sunloving vegetables give shade to others. For example. if you are growing peas up a trellis, that will create shade for your lettuce. Also check what kind of soil the plants you want grow best in and plant your garden accordingly. The soil should support plants to produce healthy root systems. Avoid planting your vegetables near tree roots to avoid your produce competing with the root systems of established ON THE PLOT trees and shrubs. at night and lifted off during too sandy or too heavy, it may daylight to provide access for be necessary to replace the To overcome the problems soil in your beds with a more associated with frost, particu- watering and weeding. suitable mix, which could be larly in Eastern and Southern Blocking cold winds around one-third river sand, oneGauteng, some form of your plants can help control permanent or semithe temperature, giving them third compost and one-third the original soil, well mixed, permanent covered growing a better chance of survival to a depth of 30 – 40 cm. area may be required. Using later in the season. Block the black 80% shade cloth as a weather through wind breaks, Soil does not contain an roof and surrounding your walls or by installing cold endless supply of nutrients for growing area with some form frames around your plants. all plants. It must be cared for of impermeable walling, such Cold frames, made of glass or and allowed to recover from as greenhouse plastic or old plastic, also speed up growth planting. roof sheeting, will go a long by forming a mini-greenhouse The best way to do this, and way towards protecting your around the plant with ensure a healthy crop, is crop plants from all but the significantly raised daytime rotation, where you plant harshest frosts. temperatures. different vegetables at If the idea of building a Careful soil preparation is different times of year, as covered growing area is too necessary. The best soil for each plant uses different extreme you can still protect most vegetables is a light to nutrients (see table). individual pplants or single medium loam with plenty of Crop rotation may also beds from frost by using small organic matter. If your soil is reduce pest problems, weed Continued on page 32 “teepees” made of plastic, for at either extreme to this, ie small, single plants, or Table: An example of a crop rotation system. by manufacturing Bed 1 Bed 2 Bed 3 Bed 4 Bed 5 cloches out of heavyCycle 1 Leafy crops Legumes Brassicas Root crops Solanaceae gauge wire or bamboo Cycle 2 Solanaceae Leafy crops Legumes Brassicas Root crops Cycle 3 Root crops Solanaceae Leafy crops Legumes Brassicas covered with frost Cycle 4 Brassicas Root crops Solanaceae Leafy crops Legumes cloth, which can be Cycle 5 Legumes Brassicas Root crops Solanaceae Leafy crops placed over the beds 31 www.sasmallholder.co.za