Gauteng Smallholder April 2016 | Page 22

BEEKEEPING It’s all about the honey, honey T he heatwaves this year which have been a trial for bees in hives standing all day in the hot sun, should have provided a lesson for beekeepers to place their bees in shady spots, especially in the afternoons. During a heatwave one observes bees working frantically to bring what one thinks is nectar, but is, in fact, water to cool the hives, and How bees make honey, and keep the hive cool in a heatwave ... another in our series on bees and beekeeping by Peter Clark of the Eastern Highveld Beekeepers Association bees will be noticed fanning at the entrances of the hives evaporating the water to cool the bees inside. Distressed bees will also sit outside near the front of the hives. These are usually young bees that have not started to work yet. But this is also one of the indicators that the bees are about to swarm off. This is due to congestion in the brood chamber and overheating of the hive by the sun. Beekeepers can help by gently smoking the entrance of the hive and lifting off the lid. You will notice the bees that come to the tops of the super frames, fanning their wings in thanks for your efforts to cool the interior. The heat and the rain showers that followed have produced a good crop of honey this summer season that will close in May, as the blackjacks and cosmos continue to flower until the frost starts. But what is honey made of? And how come different honeys have different colours and flavours, sometimes so sweet and sometimes rather “sharp” tasting? The sources of the bees' raw material are very wide indeed: from the nectaries of flowers and a juice secreted from trees such as Acacia elata, that secretes nectar 20 www.sasmallholder.co.za from pores at the base of its leaves, and from any source of sweetened liquid, including dregs from discarded cooldrink cans, even washing water from sweet factories and anywhere else that sweet juices are to be found. F