Gauge Newsletter January 2019 | Page 10

Lie Detection Using Modern Technology ............................................................................................ A lie, according to the Oxford English dictionary, is an intentionally false statement. “Ly- ing has long been a part of everyday life. We couldn’t get through the day without being deceptive”, says Leonard Saxe, a polygraph expert and professor of psychology at Brandeis University. Also, the great German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche once justified lying as it is a condition of life. As the world cruises towards complexity through technological advancements and security of people and nations becomes a priority, lie detection becomes an important field of study. Lie detection techniques come in handy when interrogating suspects. The truth behind an un- solved crime or the plan for the next terrorist attack maybe locked inside one’s head. To find a way to extract that concealed information is the main purpose of Lie detection machines. To start with, let us analyze the main methods of lie de- tection. The classical way of detecting lies is by study- ing the behavioral patterns of the test subject. Some of these methods include asking interviewees to tell the story backward and tricks such as asking them to maintain eye contact. But, five years of lie-detection research have shown that people’s ability to Source: https://geekandsundry.com detect deception by observing behavior and listening to speech is limited – with, on average, 54% of truths and lies being correctly classified (Bond & DePaulo, 2006). A more scientific approach is to inject a person with Truth Serum. Most of the serums con- sist of Sodium Pentothal which is a drug which inhibits brain activities. It dulls your thoughts making it harder to perform cognitive tasks including the task of making up a lie. But truth serums raise ethical concerns about one’s right about self-incrimination. Furthermore, large scale studies have shown that truth serums can cause people to reconstruct and fabricate memories. So we have to look into safer and precise methods to detect lies. This is when lie detection machines come into play. The most common and widely used machine to identify liars by the police is the polygraph. A polygraph machine works under the fundamental assumption, the psychological state of lying can be detected by physiological signs. It is known that when lying, a person tends to sweat PAGE| 8 University of Peradeniya GAUGE Magazine