Garden & Greenhouse August 2018 Issue | Page 20

Four Tips for Thriving in Hydroponics
Growing hydroponically carries several noteworthy
benefits. Perhaps the most significant
advantage is that hydroponic systems
are energy-efficient, since they require
less water, pesticides and soil. Growers who wish to
produce crops year-round in an environmentally-conscious
way would do well to consider a hydroponic
system.
Growing requirements for hydroponically grown
plants can vary depending on the type of plant being
grown. However, delivering the proper type and
amount of nutrition, water and ventilation helps all
hydroponically grown crops thrive. Apply the following
four guidelines in order to ensure the utmost
efficiency and quality when running a hydroponic
system.
Deliver the Right Nutrients at the Right Time
When it comes to hydroponic nutrition, not
all minerals are created equal. Macro nutrients are
needed in large quantities and include nitrogen,
phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur.
Micro nutrients – iron, manganese, boron, zinc,
copper, molybdenum and chlorine are needed too, but
in very small amounts. Some plants may need more
nitrogen one week and more phosphorus the next,
so staying vigilant of each crop’s unique needs on a
weekly basis is essential.
For hydroponic growers that are first starting out,
it’s wise to use a professional hydroponic nutrient
solution instead of mixing plant food at home. Some
growers use nutrient additives when they’re eager to
improve their results, but it’s best to stick with the
three-part nutrients until the crops are doing well.
An EC (electrical conductivity) meter or a TDS
(total dissolved solids) meter is critical to tracking the
strength of a nutrient solution. With hard data about
how plants are responding to nutrients, growers can
make adjustments to the solution as necessary.
After two weeks have passed, the nutrient reservoir
should be replenished with fresh water and fresh
nutrients. Having two nutrient reservoirs – one designated
for nutrient solution and the other filled with
regular water for the next nutrient solution change, is
a helpful way to maintain this practice. The reservoir
containing regular water will get raised to room temperature
and have time to de-chlorinate. Having room
temperature, de-chlorinated water going into a hydroponic
system is a good way to protect roots from
potential damage.
In addition, be sure to keep nutrient solution
between 65 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit to ensure
proper absorption. If the nutrient solution is below 65
degrees, plants may not drink enough of the water.
Warmer than 70 degree temperatures mean the nutrient
solution will not hold as much dissolved oxygen.
Maintain Water Quality and Quantity
Water quality in hydroponics is even more crucial
than it is in regular growing methods, since the grow
media in hydroponics is stationary. This means that
the pH of the water matches the pH of the growing
media. Lab analysis of incoming water for hydroponics
systems is recommended on an annual basis, if not
more frequently. Make sure there is a checklist for pH,
EC, alkalinity, chlorine, sodium, key metals and macro
and micronutrients. Once the results are obtained,
growers can build the proper fertility program.
It’s important to continue monitoring the fertilizer
and incoming water with a handheld meter, which
tests the pH and EC levels. These meters are available