Garden & Greenhouse April 2018 Issue | Page 8

referred to as “black out” material or 100% shade cloth. There are different types and qualities of light deprivation shade cloth, including varieties that are “breathable” or ones that contain multiple layers. The “breathable” fabrics are typically reserved for inter- nal light deprivation systems (where the shade cloth is within the greenhouse, not outside of the glazing material). A breathable fabric will help avoid conden- sation drips that may occur after the shade material is removed for the day. External black out cloth is the shade material that covers the greenhouse on the out- side of the glazing material. The temperature within the greenhouse can be infl uenced by the type of shade cloth material being used. The blackout material which is the most effec- tive at reducing excess heat is one made of multiple layers of fabrics, including a white layer on top. When the greenhouse is “blacked out”, the white layer refl ects the sun away from the greenhouse, helping to reduce the amount of heat that builds up within the greenhouse. The shading material used for light deprivation needs to cover the entire green- house structure to ensure complete darkness. Each day the blackout material is removed for the desired amount of light hours. After reaching the desired length of light hours, the shade material is manually or automatically put back on the greenhouse. Manual or Automatic With a manual light deprivation greenhouse, the shade cloth must be manually positioned over the greenhouse structure. As can be imagined, this can be quite diffi cult with large structures. Gardeners usually rely on some sort of rope and pulley system to aid in moving the potentially heavy shade material. Aside from the physical labor involved, the biggest disad- vantage of a manual system is that someone must be present every day for both the covering and uncover- ing of the greenhouse. Forgetting just once can cause problems for the greenhouse, including out-of-whack atmospheric conditions or stunted growth due to quickly alternating photoperiods. An automatic light deprivation greenhouse is one equipped with a motorized system for situating and removing the light deprivation material. These systems are typically equipped with a small electric motor. These motors can be wired for use with a chain of car batteries to operate in locations with- out access to electricity. Automatic light deprivation systems allow a gardener to automate the system’s motor with a timer. This means the horticulturist does not have to be present every time the covering is re- moved or put back onto the greenhouse. Heightened Control with Light Deprivation The biggest advantage of using a light depriva- tion greenhouse is the heightened control over ini- tialing the fl owering or fruiting of the crop. Before 8 www.GardenandGreenhouse.net April 2018