Garden & Greenhouse April 2018 Issue | Page 28

extra emphasis on humidity as the tube-grown tissues are thin and have not developed their waxy cuticle and stomatal flexing. Maintain a high humidity inside and outside of a perforated dome and an 80-degree bottom heat. Roots may appear as early as 9 days but are more common after two weeks. One good technique is to keep plug trays in mesh bottom 10 by 20 prop trays and to preload the plug holes with 1) a drop of diversified root-inhab- iting organism to penetrate the cube and colonize roots when they develop, and 2) a drop of root hor- mone gel. The strategy is to add the hormone second as a drop where it will coat the inside of the hole and gravity will keep it in contact with the rough stem and exposed cambium cut at the bottom. Humidity will be maintained and do not bottom water the tc clones until the roots have penetrated the cubes or you are certain they have all developed. After roots have developed, you may plant as regular rooted cuttings, or as we prefer, plant up into three-inch pots and allow the first few dominant shoots to develop. I’ve had success taking shoots at six to eight inches, leaving a single node behind, as new cuttings by planting directly into fresh rooting plugs. The rooted clones from tissue culture are dif- ferent from regular clones primarily because of the density of shoots at the top of the tiny cutting. I like to give the secondary branches a chance to add to the efficient candelabra shape at the same time as get- ting extra apical clones with all of the advantages of the tissue culture that it was just derived from. Usu- ally one to three such clones can be taken from each rooted tube plants in each 18-site propagation tray. 28 Completing the No-Mother Production Cycle Eight to eleven weeks after cuttings were placed into tubes, the pruned and trained veg plants are ready. Select the top ten or fifteen percent of rooted clones to be the clone donors of the next generation and give the rest to the cultivators to flower. Keep them in the clean environment and take tall dominant cuttings as they develop and smaller apical cuttings to introduce into fresh tissue culture tubes. Second generation cuttings have already been evaluated for disease and are much more successful than the first generation. Such small plants as the rooted cuttings, clone donors and veg plants are best maintained in rack systems for immediate distribution at the cul- tivator's convenience. Growth can be slowed or in- creased with temperature and light levels. Plants grown in media tubes without contamina- tion are most likely free of disease organisms and possess all the advantages of tissue culture. The plants have directly absorbed the balanced nutrients and hormones creating sturdy bushy starts and ac- tivating genes that may have been dormant. Stage 1 Introduction clones may be removed from the tubes, rinsed and planted in plug trays in a high humidity environment, creating your new stock. Take clippings from these veg plants to create new tissue culture starts. GG Bill Graham is the owner of Microclone Plant Tissue Culture and Pure Food Gardening. He can be contacted at 650.346.8009 or [email protected]. You can visit his website at Planttc.com. www.GardenandGreenhouse.net April 2018