iii) Groundwater over-drafting leading to diminished agriculture iv) Overuse and pollution of water reserves harming biodiversity v) Regional conflicts over scarce water resources, sometimes resulting in warfares
. SPECIAL FEATURE:- River Nile II There are 11 countries that share the water of River Nile, namely Burundi, DR Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, The Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda. Most of the countries are very poor. All Nile countries regard development of the river as key to achieving future development success. There has been various attempts by Nile Basin countries to cooperate on the management and development of the shared Nile Basin water resources.‘ Undugu’ was formed during 1983 to 1992 the focus of which was on the establishment of a Nile Basin Economic Community. This was later followed by the Technical Cooperation Committee for the Promotion of Development and Environmental Protection of the Basin( TECCONILE) in 1993. However, all these initiatives were affected by a lack of inclusivity. Above all, these efforts did not anchor cooperation efforts in a comprehensive institutional setting and through a Shared Vision Objective. The countries came together and for the first time in the Basin‘ s history established an all-inclusive, neutral and basin-wise, a transboundary institution, Nile Basin Initiative( NBI). Over the years, the NBI has, among other things, focused on activities aimed at assisting Member States to achieve their development objectives, with a number of remarkable achievements. Since 1999, Nile Basin countries have overcome centuries of mistrust, a difficult colonial legacy and challenges of access to and use of the shared waters of the Nile to build a unique trans-boundary institution. This major achievement marks a significant departure from earlier unilateralism and represents a profoundly different kind of approach involving collective dialogue, broad consultation, joint planning and ultimately collective action to develop the river system for all peoples of Nile Basin. The core functions of the NBI are to: 1. facilitate basin-wise cooperation; 2. promote basin-wide water resources planning and management and 3. promote cooperative water resources development and investment. Consideration of trans-boundary dimensions in national plans for water resources
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Integrated River Basin Management Society