G20 Foundation Publications China 2016 | Page 115

Th e international community has started to fi ght back and now recognises that this crime is not the cost of doing business, but a dramatic drag on the ability of states and the private sector to prosper. integrate anti-corruption activities into their good governance frameworks and criminal justice systems. The cost to society, however, is not only measured in the funds taken, but also in the damage done to communities, as well as the promotion of equality. Corruption enables organized crime to fl ourish, and like an acid, eats into weak states and compromises criminal justice systems. Fortunately, the international community has started to fi ght back and now recognises that this crime is not the cost of doing business, but a dramatic drag on the ability of states and the private sector to prosper. In 2015, Member States adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development along with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The SDGs seek to promote prosperity and eradicate poverty. Goal 16 recognizes that this is not possible without substantially reducing corruption as well as confronting a range of other criminal issues. Promoting access to justice, peaceful and inclusive societies and eff ective government based on the rule of law are the inherent principles of Goal 16. The authority of law, and the institutions of government, are often vulnerable to corruption. Fully functioning legal systems are crucial for sustainable development at the national and international levels. Achieving the targets of Goal 16 is, therefore, fundamental to realizing the entire 2030 agenda, and it forms an essential element of the work undertaken by the UN Offi ce on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). But, if this work is to be successful, and we desperately need it to be, every nation must become a party to and fully implement the UN Convention against Corruption - UNCAC. UNCAC outlines the most comprehensive set of legal commitments states must enforce to tackle corruption. States that adopt UNCAC agree on measures to detect and punish corruption in both the private and public sectors. UNCAC also provides a unique means of examining the success of a country’s anti-corruption eff orts. It provides the framework for an established peer review mechanism that sees countries work together to review each other’s anti-corruption eff orts. UNODC also assists states in the recovery of the proceeds of corruption, both domestically and internationally via the Stolen Asset Recovery Initiative--StAR. A partnership between the World Bank and UNODC, StAR works to recover illicit funds and prevent their storage in tax havens. UNODC is also supporting states in implementing UNCAC’s Chapter II on prevention. The Chapter helps states to develop accountable, transparent institutions and legislation and strengthens anti- corruption eff orts through training and knowledge-based programs. My experiences in countries such as Nigeria, as well as my work as the head of an organization that has a mission to tackle corruption, leads me to believe that if we are to realise our goal of sustainable development, we must end corruption. ■ 115