FUTURE TALENTED Summer Term 2019 - Issue 3 | Page 35

STEM Tools to fight stereotyping Inferior, published in 2017, is accessible and inspiring, though Saini admits that it “doesn’t make for comfortable reading. The facts are sometimes greyer than people might want them to be,” she acknowledges in the book’s introduction. It’s aim is to make people think — beyond the messages they have received from science and the media — and, for Wade, this questioning should begin as early as possible; hence her mis sion to get the book into schools. “There was a boom of neuroscience experiments in the mid 1990s, all of which set out to show that men’s and women’s brains are different,” she argues. “We now have a generation of people — today’s teachers and parents — who were brought up on this. They have such an influence on what young people think about themselves and the choices they make.” After discovering the book, Wade took it everywhere, she explains. “At every conference I went to, I gave it to scientists, and to all the work experience students I had. I then figured it would be great to get it into every state school in the country. “The Institute of Physics (IOP) has shown that you can’t just tell girls they’re brilliant and should be more confident; you have to give them the tools to be able to fight whatever they’re feeling themselves; to recognise that the biases and stereotypes in society are nothing to do with them.” Ultimately, supporting more girls to study sciences and choose STEM careers involves giving them access to the facts about their aptitude and abilities, as well as the value and creativity of science and engineering. In the history of science, we have to hunt for the women — not because they weren’t capable of doing the research, but because, for a large chunk of time, they didn’t have the chance. We’re still living with the legacy of an establishment that’s just beginning to recover from centuries of entrenched exclusion and privilege Angela Saini, Inferior “I think careers advice is the most important thing in all of this,” asserts Wade. Copies of Inferior were sent to schools in January and she has been gratified to receive positive feedback. “I did a physics talk at a university in Sussex and a bunch of girls had come just to talk about the book,” she recalls. “They’d got it at their schools and we spoke a lot about that. I’ve also had some great emails from teachers who have used it to start discussions about biases and stereotyping, which was exactly what I wanted.” Its messages are as important for boys as girls, she points out: “The stereotypes society puts on boys hold them back just as much. I don’t think we should limit anyone.” Changing demographics in physics Wade, who is a post-doctoral researcher in physics at Imperial College London, declares a personal interest in encouraging more girls into science — and particularly into physics, which remains dominated by (white, middle-class) men. A self-proclaimed ‘chief troublemaker’ — editing Wikipedia entries to ensure women and people of colour are recognised for their achievements in science — she herself was inspired by a “brilliant physics teacher” at her all-girls’ school. However, when doing her doctorate, the gender imbalance became clear. “The percentage of physics professors who are women is about 11% in the UK and I don’t think there’s a single physics professor (male or female) who’s black,” she says. “So you become incredibly aware of the lack of diversity. “It damages school kids because the stereotypes they get from physics are entirely true, but it also damages the science we do, because we don’t have enough people from different backgrounds working on challenges FUTURE TALENTED // 35