Fuel Oil News January 2020 | Page 21

Inside Out What are the supermajors doing to prepare for the energy transition? The fossil fuels era, which has enabled economic growth and development of an unparalleled kind, now faces an entirely new and different set of challenges. This month Inside Out takes a look at how the supermajors are adapting to the energy transition. At last year’s IP Week, the Energy Institute was instrumental in leading the challenge with a focus on the key role and measures needed to be adopted by the oil & gas industry to achieve a low carbon future. Two distinct and clear strands of attention/focus are being pursued by the companies below. Pursuit of efficient, safe and environmentally friendly/compliant operations, US companies CHEVRON and EXXONMOBIL are particularly mindful of sustainability considerations, and technological solutions to address decarbonisation. Actively embracing electricity as a key energy source, particularly the electrification of mobility/transport, European companies BP, SHELL and TOTAL are into power supply and the provision of electric vehicle charging points. CHEVRON is actively involved in two very large Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) projects, investing $1 billion+ in the Gorgon (Australia) gas field CO2 injection project and in Quest in Canada with Shell. Chevron is also a stakeholder in Carbon Engineering, a start-up company in British Columbia, which is trialling a new process called direct air capture which sucks carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by using chemicals and fans. The CO2 extracted can then be used to produce synthetic fuels to substitute for petrol, Jet A-1 or diesel. Chevron has ‘a commitment to understanding and evaluating opportunities across a range of alternative and renewable energy sources, including wind, solar and biofuels, as well as energy efficiency technologies.’ Its Technology Ventures arm promotes innovation, commercialisation and adoption of emerging technologies in water management, production enhancement, power systems and emerging materials. Also heavily involved in CCUS, EXXONMOBIL is seeking to make the technology both scalable and more affordable. An agreement worth up to $60 million with FuelCell Energy, is providing clean, efficient and affordable fuel cell solutions configured for the supply, recovery and storage of energy. Carbonate fuel cells can then efficiently capture and concentrate carbon dioxide streams from large industrial sources; its modular design is capable of deployment at a wide range of locations and has potential for a more cost-efficient pathway for large scale CCUS adoption. For several years ExxonMobil has been researching advanced biofuels, with particular focus on algae’s potential. Its properties enable the manufacture of biofuels with similar composition to existing fossil fuels used in transportation.   BP acquired Chargemaster, the UK’s largest electric vehicle charging company, in 2018 with its Polar network comprising 7,000 publicly available charging points. Installation of 150KW ultra-fast charging points at BP’s UK sites is currently under way, with 400 in place by the end of 2021. The units have an assessed capacity to deliver a 10-minute charge with a 100-mile range. BP’s ambition is to have the UK’s largest ultra-fast public charging network. In 2010 the company set up Lightsource for the development, acquisition and long-term management of international large-scale solar projects and smart energy solutions. This now manages 2GW of solar capacity, through a £2.6 billion investment and a team of 300+ people. BP is currently developing five UK solar farm projects, capable of supplying 63,000 homes and saving an estimated 79,000 mt/ year of carbon emissions. In 2017 SHELL acquired Dutch company, NewMotion, provider of circa 30,000 residential and business charging points and 50,000 public sites. Shell, which is installing charging points at networks in Norway, Netherlands, Philippines and the UK, is converting an existing filling station in Fulham, London to all-electric with the site opening in 2020. Acquired in 2017, independent energy supplier, First Utility has a portfolio of around 800,000 residential customers receiving renewable electricity. Now rebranded as Shell Energy, customers benefit from the Shell Go+ loyalty rewards programme and smart home offers including smart thermostats, with discounts on home electric vehicle chargers and fast broadband. By 2030, this could be the world’s largest power company, with electricity projected to account for 30% of its business by the mid-2030s. From renewable generation to battery storage to vehicle charging and domestic power, TOTAL has been acquiring electricity supply chain companies. In 2016 the long-established French battery manufacturer Saft Group was acquired, with G2Mobility, a French provider of electric vehicle charging solutions, acquired in 2018. The latter having almost 10,000 points managed by its web services platform, supporting both municipal governments and private businesses. Lampiris, third largest supplier of natural gas and renewable power to the Belgian residential sector, was acquired in 2016. Bringing circa one million customers, this now called Total Spring. Paris-based power supplier, Direct Energie was acquired in 2018 giving Total around four million customers. Total’s aim is to expand the network to 6 million by 2022 thus becoming a major challenger to EDF which currently supplies 80% of the market, and Engie. BP, SHELL and TOTAL are members of the HYDROGEN COUNCIL, launched at the January 2017 Davos meeting, as a global initiative to frame a unified vision to promote hydrogen as ‘one of the key solutions of the energy transition’. A combination of increasing public and political pressure and shareholder activism, is clearly playing a key role in shaping energy transition strategies. The EU is seeing immediate pressure towards electrification rising from more stringent CO2 emissions reductions targets. Fleet-wide emissions for new passenger cars will be phased in during 2020 and effective in 2021. This will require an average of 95gm/km down from the 2015 target of 130gm/km and 2018 average of 120 gm/km. Having successfully met numerous previous challenges, the supermajors have the resources, expertise and knowledge base to build resilience, and address the energy transition in their own, different ways. Fuel Oil News | January 2020 21