Fuel Oil News December 2019 | Page 18

TSA Conference 2019 Tank storage updates As reported in this year’s TSA annual review, HSE RIDDOR statistics show that the bulk liquid storage sector remains one of the safest industries in the UK with proportionally fewer injuries than almost all other sectors. http://wwe.hse.gov.uk/statistics/industry/ index.htm Attending the 2019 TSA conference and exhibition, Fuel Oil News was struck by more notable differences in speakers’ views than found in previous years. Concerns about the industry’s ability to maintain plant and equipment, reduce the number of smaller incidents and keep pace with decarbonisation were far more apparent. One of TSA’s key objectives has always been to encourage performance improvements and raise overall standards within its membership. Starting with an upbeat keynote speech from IHS Markit’s Giacomo Boati, executive director, oil markets midstream & downstream, had ‘overall good news for the industry’. As the industry looks to its future, visitors to the exhibition, which took place alongside the conference, were able to discover innovative new technologies advancing inspection and control techniques through the use of drones, lasers, virtual reality, robotics and smart sensors. Keynote speaker Giacomo Boati sees ‘high uncertainty around middle distillates’ 18 Fuel Oil News | December 2019 Choppy waters, the biggest driver for growth and peak demand Those concerned with marine fuels are ‘navigating choppy waters’ said Giacomo. Remarking that marine bunker fuel in a low carbon world had to be the ‘most disruptive global marine event for a long time’, he sees the potential for some long-term uncertainty. Whilst compliant fuel is likely to be the default initially, it will be very expensive for shippers. A big requirement for marine gas oil is expected in February/ March 2020, a move which could further tighten the middle distillate market. Reaching a peak in quarter two, marine gas oil’s share will increase from 32% to 53%. Longer term more scrubbers are expected to be installed. To date around 2,000 have been fitted with more due. Beyond 2020 Giacomo sees ‘a strong adoption of scrubbers’ in the meantime many shippers will continue to burn heavy fuel oil (HFO). A significant amount of non-compliance is likely, including around 8% in controlled areas. A greater switch to LNG-fuelled ships is also foreseen. Whilst being a very clean fuel, it is not without infrastructure problems, however its importance to shipping will grow. As the market adjusts, refiners could experience difficulties; shrinking HFO demand is likely to see HFO going into the power sector in the Middle East and South America. Giaocomo sees ‘high uncertainly around middle distillates’ with the price potentially ‘going through the roof’. On the positive side this could result in more opportunities for storage terminals. Recent attacks on Saudi facilities have led to concerns that similar events could put further strain on this market. With both shipping and aviation miles needing to take a share of the decarbonisation burden, IHS Markit has been asked to investigate these non-road sectors as government takes a stronger view as to their regulation. The biggest driver for growth and peak oil predictions The biggest driver for growth in the fuels market is transportation. Giacomo sees continuous growth for fuels with China’s gasoline consumption expected to peak around 2024. Optimistic about the continued use of current fuels, the adoption of alternatively fuelled vehicles is seen as having little impact, particularly in relation to HGVs even up to 2040. Diesel remains the most economical fuel for trucks, and going forward there is much room for greater efficiency. In the medium-term demand for road fuels is seen as ‘positive’ and ‘relatively stable’. With global peak oil demand around 2035 – ‘we still have some way to go but demand will plateau’ with this being earlier in Europe and the USA. The largest truck markets are China, Japan and the USA where there is presently no market for electrification; some vehicles run on natural gas, but the majority are still diesel. Faster changes will be seen in other markets with an increasing uptake of electric/hybrid by 2025 with 30% pure electric by 2040. Globally, the car stock is likely to change very slowly due to the average car being kept for several years. Presently fuels decarbonisation is progressing slowly but 10 years from now Giacomo expects ‘a significant impact resulting from the strong sentiment against diesel across Europe’, with IHS querying peak diesel in 2021? In order to meet present demands, refineries are expected to run hard in 2020-2021 with Asia and the Middle East dominating in terms of new refinery runs. Seeing the biggest decline, Europe’s gasoline surplus will tighten, gas oil dependency will decline whilst robust demand for jet fuel will see the deficit increase. Bringing both risk and opportunity, global trade routes are expected to change as the fuels balance across the globe sees more disruption in the longer term.