Frontshop Nov '13 november 2013 | Page 33

While women who have a family history of breast cancer are in a higher risk group, most women who have breast cancer have no family history. Statistically only about 10% of individuals diagnosed with breast cancer have a family history of this disease. • If you have a first degree relative with breast cancer: If you have a mother, daughter, or sister who developed breast cancer below the age of 50, you should consider some form of regular diagnostic breast imaging starting 10 years before the age of your relative’s diagnosis. • If you have a second degree relative with breast cancer: If you have had a grandmother or aunt who was diagnosed with breast cancer, your risk increases slightly, but it is not in the same risk category as those who have a first degree relative with breast cancer. • If you have multiple generations diagnosed with breast cancer on the same side of the family, or if there are several individuals who are first degree relatives to one another, or several family members diagnosed under age 50, the probability increases that there is a breast cancer gene contributing to the cause of this familial history. Risk Factors The following risk factors have been identified: • Female gender: 11% of women develop breast cancer. (European figures based on a life expectancy of 76 years) • More advanced age: 77% of women diagnosed with breast cancer are over 50. • Having one first-degree relative (mother, sister or daughter) with breast cancer doubles risk; having two increases risk five-fold. • Approximately five to 10% of breast cancers are the result of inherited mutations (changes) of the genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, which make proteins that help prevent cancerous growth. This cancer-preventing function is less effective with a mutated gene, and 50 to 60% of women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations develop breast cancer by age 70. • Risk increases significantly if you have had cancer of the breast, • • • • • • ovaries, uterus or colon. Cancer in one breast means there is a one per cent chance p ?????????????????????????)????????????)]????????????????????????????????)??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????)????????????????????????????????????)?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????)??????????????????????????????)????????????????????????)I??????????????????????????????)????????????????)!????????????????????????????????)???????????????????????????)=???????????????????????????????)??????????????????????????)????????????????????????????????)??????????) ????????????????????????????)?????????????????????????????????)???????????????????????????????)???????????????????????????????(????????????(+??$?????????????????????????????)=??????????????????????????????)????????????????????????????????)????????????????????????+??$?]??????????????????????????????????????????????????????)???????????????????????????)???????????????????????????????(??????????????????????+??$?U?????????????????????????????)???????????]??????????????)?????????????????????????????)?????????????????????????????)???+??$?5????????????????????????)???????????????!IP?????????)???????I??????????????????)??????????????????????????????)????????!IP?+??$?I?????????????????????)?????????????????????()????M????9=Y5 H?????????((