FRA JULY/AUG 2016 vol 2 | Page 38

Cropping Canola production in South Africa Farmer's Review Africa speaks to Rick The crop has been earmarked as a an increase in disease discovered while Horbury, Technical Advisor at Bayer's development crop for South Africa, as farming the crop and as a result, up to Crop Science Division from Australia the country remains a net importer of half a ton of canola crop has been lost. and Dirk Uys, Head of Marketing at plant oils and oil cake, to the tune of The type of diseases prevalent in both Bayer Crop Science in South Africa 70% per annum. While canola crop in countries include sclerotinia, blackleg, about the challenges affecting Canola production and how South Africa can advance canola production. South Africa's canola production has increased significantly over the past two decades, and the area planted has risen over the years and currently stands at 70 000ha, with canola production increasing to 93 000 tons during the 2015/16 season, states Dirk Uys. Canola across the world is a summer crop while in South Africa itis a winter crop, mainly grown in the Western Cape. It is produced in cool weather conditions, and the optimum temperature for growth and production is 21˚c. Temperatures o below 10 c can results in progressively poorer germination and emergence. The lower temperatures impair protein production needed for germination and early seedling development. H o w e ve r, g l o b a l l y t h e w e a t h e r patterns have had a negative impact on canola crop production. July - August 2016 Australia is produced in Western seedling blight, white leaf blister, downy Australia, mainly for export to Asia mildew, all contributing to reductions in especially the Chinese market, there the potential yield. It is therefore critical are a lot of similarities between the to be pro-active in finding solutions with two countries and more lessons can proper management strategies to be shared by the two countries in overcome the diseases affecting the order to best understand the crop, canola crop. Australia has developed a explains Horbury. canola protection plan which can aid The economics of production of canola South Africa in developing its own is a major concern to all producers canola protection. across the globe, and the challenges In addition, it is important to continue affecting canola production are similar the promotion of reasonable rotations for both countries, therefore it is key for canola fields. Canola offers great for producers to better understand the benefits as a rotation crop especially crop in order to make better with wheat, as it has the ability to management decisions, further increase the yields of subsequent cereal explains Horbury. crops. Additional benefits of a crop Some of the key constraints that rotation systems includes the reduction impact the canola yield production, in disease, more effective weed control, include low growing season improved root system, planters and precipitation, variety availability, harvesters that are used more optimum plant density, fertility as well effectively as well as better distribution as the disease and insects, and all of the financial risk. these need to be solved, including the All in all, following the recommended correct planting date, and weed one-in-three to four year canola rotation control programme. can provide better yields with reduced According to Horbury, there has been risk for all crops in the rotation. [38]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA www.farmersreviewafrica.com